---
title: Nails are made of keratin, like hair and rhino horn; the part you cu… — Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, from baby t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Nails are made of keratin, like hair and rhino horn; the part you cut has no nerves, and fingernails grow about 3 millimetres a month while toenails grow only about 1 millimetre a month. Who acts: you, part, fingernails, toenails. A sentence of the lesson «Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, from b
---

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# Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, from baby to grown-up, sentence 7

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Nails are made of keratin, like hair and rhino horn; the part you cut has no nerves, and fingernails grow about 3 millimetres a month while toenails grow only about 1 millimetre a month.

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**Who acts:** you, part, fingernails, toenails · **What happens:** make, cut, have, grow · **To what, where:** Nails, part, nerves, 3 millimetres, 1 millimetre

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, from baby to grown-up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, part, fingernails, toenails), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:071-growing-from-baby-to-grown-up.lesson:7
# text = Nails are made of keratin, like hair and rhino horn; the part you cut has no nerves, and fingernails grow about 3 millimetres a month while toenails grow only about 1 millimetre a month.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 071-growing-from-baby-to-grown-up.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Nails	nail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	keratin	keratin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	rhino	rhino	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	horn	horn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	cut	cut	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
17	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj
18	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	19	det	_	_
19	nerves	nerve	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	fingernails	fingernail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
23	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
24	about	about	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	26	nummod	_	_
26	millimetres	millimetre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl:unmarked	_	_
29	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
30	toenails	toenail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nsubj	_	_
31	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	advcl	_	_
32	only	only	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
33	about	about	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
34	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	35	nummod	_	_
35	millimetre	millimetre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
36	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl:unmarked	_	_
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Nails |  |  |  | of keratin; like hair horn | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **cut** | present | you | the part *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Product |
| 3 | **have** | present | the part | no nerves |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nerve=Patient |
| 4 | **grow** | present | fingernails | 3 millimetres |  |  | month |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location millimetre=Theme |
| 5 | **grow** | present | toenails | 1 millimetre |  |  | month |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location millimetre=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:071-growing-from-baby-to-grown-up.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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