--- title: Trace fossils such as footprints, burrows, nests and tooth marks are… — Fossils: how we know about life long ago · tree and pragmatics description: Trace fossils such as footprints, burrows, nests and tooth marks are signs of life, and the distance between steps tells how fast a dinosaur walked. Who acts: Trace fossils, distance, dinosaur. A sentence of the lesson «Fossils: how we know about life long ago» of the biology course of Mova's primar --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/74-fossils-life-long-ago/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Fossils: how we know about life long ago](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/74-fossils-life-long-ago/) / 7 # Fossils: how we know about life long ago, sentence 7 Trace fossils such as footprints, burrows, nests and tooth marks are signs of life, and the distance between steps tells how fast a dinosaur walked. **Who acts:** Trace fossils, distance, dinosaur · **What happens:** be, tell, walk · **To what, where:** signs · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Fossils: how we know about life long ago» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Trace fossils, distance, dinosaur), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:074-fossils-life-long-ago.lesson:7 # text = Trace fossils such as footprints, burrows, nests and tooth marks are signs of life, and the distance between steps tells how fast a dinosaur walked. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 074-fossils-life-long-ago.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 Trace trace NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 fossils fossil NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 3 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 5 case _ _ 4 as as ADP IN _ 3 fixed _ _ 5 footprints footprint NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 burrows burrow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:conj 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 nests nest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 tooth tooth NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 marks mark NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 13 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 14 signs sign NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 distance distance NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 21 between between ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 steps step NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nmod _ _ 23 tells tell VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 24 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 25 advmod _ _ 25 fast fast ADV RB Degree=Pos 28 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=23:advmod 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 dinosaur dinosaur NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 28 walked walk VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 ccomp _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Trace fossils such footprints and burrows and nests and tooth marks | signs | | | | of life | tree rules | | 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | the distance between steps | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **walk** | past | a dinosaur | | | | | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:074-fossils-life-long-ago.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Fossils: how we know about life long ago, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/74-fossils-life-long-ago/6/) - next →: [Fossils: how we know about life long ago, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/74-fossils-life-long-ago/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/74-fossils-life-long-ago/)