---
title: Stand under the open jaws of a T. rex skull in the museum and you se… — Dinosaurs: kinds, sizes and how they lived · tree and pragmatics
description: Stand under the open jaws of a T. rex skull in the museum and you see a bone-crusher: teeth like bananas and one of the strongest bites of any land animal that ever lived, but arms only about a metre long. Who acts: you, land animal, arms. A sentence of the lesson «Dinosaurs: kinds, sizes and how th
---

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# Dinosaurs: kinds, sizes and how they lived, sentence 1

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stand under the open jaws of a T. rex skull in the museum and you see a bone-crusher: teeth like bananas and one of the strongest bites of any land animal that ever lived, but arms only about a metre long.

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**Who acts:** you, land animal, arms · **What happens:** stand, see, live, metre, bite · **To what, where:** open jaws, bone crusher, land animal

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Dinosaurs: kinds, sizes and how they lived» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, land animal, arms), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:075-dinosaurs-kinds-sizes-and-lives.lesson:1
# text = Stand under the open jaws of a T. rex skull in the museum and you see a bone-crusher: teeth like bananas and one of the strongest bites of any land animal that ever lived, but arms only about a metre long.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 075-dinosaurs-kinds-sizes-and-lives.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Stand	stand	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	under	under	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	jaws	jaw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	T.	t.	PROPN	NNP	_	9	compound	_	_
9	rex	rex	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	skull	skull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	museum	museum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	_
20	crusher	crusher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
21	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
22	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	appos	_	_
23	like	like	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	bananas	banana	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	conj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	strongest	strong	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	30	amod	_	_
30	bites	bite	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	34	det	_	_
33	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	_
35	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	37	nsubj	_	_
36	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	37	advmod	_	_
37	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	acl:relcl	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
39	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
40	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	nsubj	_	_
41	only	only	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	_
42	about	about	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=44:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_
43	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	metre	metre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
45	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	44	advmod	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed act=assert, indirect=1

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the open jaws of a rex skull in the museum |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under jaw=Location |
| 2 | **see** | present | you | a bone crusher |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer crusher=Stimulus |
| 3 | **live** | past | any land animal |  |  |  | ever |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **metre** |  | arms |  |  |  |  | about, long *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **bite** |  |  | any land animal |  |  |  |  | nom bite «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:075-dinosaurs-kinds-sizes-and-lives.lesson:1`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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