---
title: Ankylosaurus was covered in bony plates, even on its eyelids, and sw… — Dinosaurs: kinds, sizes and how they lived · tree and pragmatics
description: Ankylosaurus was covered in bony plates, even on its eyelids, and swung a heavy bony tail club that could break a leg bone. Who acts: heavy bony tail club. A sentence of the lesson «Dinosaurs: kinds, sizes and how they lived» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree an
---

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# Dinosaurs: kinds, sizes and how they lived, sentence 13

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Ankylosaurus was covered in bony plates, even on its eyelids, and swung a heavy bony tail club that could break a leg bone.

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**Who acts:** heavy bony tail club · **What happens:** cover, swing, break · **To what, where:** Ankylosaurus, heavy bony tail club, leg bone

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Dinosaurs: kinds, sizes and how they lived» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heavy bony tail club), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:075-dinosaurs-kinds-sizes-and-lives.lesson:13
# text = Ankylosaurus was covered in bony plates, even on its eyelids, and swung a heavy bony tail club that could break a leg bone.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 075-dinosaurs-kinds-sizes-and-lives.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Ankylosaurus	Ankylosaurus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	bony	bony	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	plates	plate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	even	even	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	eyelids	eyelid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	swung	swing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
16	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
17	bony	bony	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
18	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
21	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	acl:relcl	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	leg	leg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | past · passive |  | Ankylosaurus |  |  |  | in bony plates and baby's eyelids | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in plate=Theme |
| 2 | **swing** | past |  | a heavy bony tail club |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent club=Theme |
| 3 | **break** | could | a heavy bony tail club | a leg bone |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bone=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:075-dinosaurs-kinds-sizes-and-lives.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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