--- title: About 66 million years ago a rock about 10 kilometres wide, taller t… — The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living di… · tree and pragmatics description: About 66 million years ago a rock about 10 kilometres wide, taller than Mount Everest, slammed into the sea near Mexico; dust and gas blocked the sunlight, the world went cold and dark, and about three quarters of all kinds of living things died out. Who acts: rock, dust, world, three quarters. A se --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/) / 0 # The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs, sentence 0 About 66 million years ago a rock about 10 kilometres wide, taller than Mount Everest, slammed into the sea near Mexico; dust and gas blocked the sunlight, the world went cold and dark, and about three quarters of all kinds of living things died out. **Who acts:** rock, dust, world, three quarters · **What happens:** slam, block, go, die out · **To what, where:** sea, sunlight This is a sentence of the lesson «The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rock, dust, world, three quarters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:076-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds.lesson:0 # text = About 66 million years ago a rock about 10 kilometres wide, taller than Mount Everest, slammed into the sea near Mexico; dust and gas blocked the sunlight, the world went cold and dark, and about three quarters of all kinds of living things died out. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 076-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3 1 About about ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 2 66 66 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 compound _ _ 3 million million NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 4 nummod _ _ 4 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:obl:unmarked 5 ago ago ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:advmod 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 rock rock NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 8 about about ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 9 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 10 nummod _ _ 10 kilometres kilometre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl:unmarked _ _ 11 wide wide ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 taller tall ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 7 amod _ _ 14 than than ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 Mount mount NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 16 Everest everest NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 18 slammed slam VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 19 into into ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 22 near near ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 Mexico Mexico PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 dust dust NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 gas gas NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 conj _ _ 28 blocked block VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 parataxis _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 sunlight sunlight NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 34 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 conj _ _ 35 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 xcomp _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 dark dark ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 conj _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 40 about about ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=42:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 41 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 42 nummod _ _ 42 quarters quarter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 49 nsubj _ _ 43 of of ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 45 det _ _ 45 kinds kind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 nmod _ _ 46 of of ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 living living ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 48 amod _ _ 48 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 45 nmod _ _ 49 died die VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 50 out out ADP RP _ 49 compound:prt _ _ 51 . . PUNCT . _ 18 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **slam** | past | a rock | | | the sea | | near Mexico; ago *property* | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into sea=Location | | 2 | **block** | past | dust and gas | the sunlight | | | | | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer sunlight=Theme | | 3 | **go** | past | the world | | | | | cold *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **die out** | past | three quarters of all kinds of living things | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:076-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Dinosaurs: kinds, sizes and how they l…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/75-dinosaurs-kinds-sizes-and-lives/16/) - next →: [The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/)