---
title: Dust and gas from the impact blocked sunlight, plants stopped growin… — The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living di… · tree and pragmatics
description: Dust and gas from the impact blocked sunlight, plants stopped growing, the plant-eaters starved and then the meat-eaters that ate them, and about three quarters of all kinds of animals and plants died out, including all dinosaurs except birds. Who acts: Dust, plants, plant eaters, meat eaters. A sen
---

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# The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs, sentence 5

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dust and gas from the impact blocked sunlight, plants stopped growing, the plant-eaters starved and then the meat-eaters that ate them, and about three quarters of all kinds of animals and plants died out, including all dinosaurs except birds.

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**Who acts:** Dust, plants, plant eaters, meat eaters, three quarters · **What happens:** block, stop, grow, starve, eat, die out · **To what, where:** sunlight, impact, plants, dinosaurs

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dust, plants, plant eaters, meat eaters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:076-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds.lesson:5
# text = Dust and gas from the impact blocked sunlight, plants stopped growing, the plant-eaters starved and then the meat-eaters that ate them, and about three quarters of all kinds of animals and plants died out, including all dinosaurs except birds.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 076-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6, R6-punct-agree ×1
1	Dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:det
6	impact	impact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
7	blocked	block	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
8	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=1:conj
11	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	xcomp	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
15	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	_
17	eaters	eater	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
18	starved	starve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
20	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:advmod
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	_
24	eaters	eater	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
25	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
26	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
27	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
30	about	about	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=32:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_
31	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	32	nummod	_	_
32	quarters	quarter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nsubj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	35	det	_	_
35	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nmod	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nmod	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=32:conj
40	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
41	out	out	ADP	RP	_	40	compound:prt	_	_
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
43	including	include	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	40	advcl	_	_
44	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	45	det	_	_
45	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	obj	_	_
46	except	except	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	nmod	_	_
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=11:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **block** | past | Dust and gas | sunlight |  | the impact |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer sunlight=Beneficiary from impact=Eventuality |
| 2 | **stop** | past | plants |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **grow** | gerund | plants *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **starve** | past | the plant eaters |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **eat** | past | the meat eaters | plants *= plant* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 6 | **die out** | past | three quarters of all kinds of animals and plants |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 7 | **include** | gerund | three quarters of all kinds of animals and plants *not said here* | all dinosaurs |  |  |  | except birds | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dinosaur=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:076-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds.lesson:5`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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