--- title: Survivors included many small mammals, birds, crocodiles, turtles, f… — The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living di… · tree and pragmatics description: Survivors included many small mammals, birds, crocodiles, turtles, frogs, snakes and lizards, which needed less food, could hide, and ate seeds, insects or rotting plants. Who acts: Survivors, many small mammals. A sentence of the lesson «The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs» of t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/) / 8 # The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs, sentence 8 Survivors included many small mammals, birds, crocodiles, turtles, frogs, snakes and lizards, which needed less food, could hide, and ate seeds, insects or rotting plants. **Who acts:** Survivors, many small mammals · **What happens:** include, need, hide, eat, rot · **To what, where:** many small mammals, less food, seeds This is a sentence of the lesson «The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Survivors, many small mammals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:076-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds.lesson:8 # text = Survivors included many small mammals, birds, crocodiles, turtles, frogs, snakes and lizards, which needed less food, could hide, and ate seeds, insects or rotting plants. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 076-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×2, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Survivors survivor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 included include VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 4 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 mammals mammal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 crocodiles crocodile NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 turtles turtle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 frogs frog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 snakes snake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 lizards lizard NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=15:conj 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 20 nsubj _ _ 20 needed need VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:acl:relcl 21 less less ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 22 amod _ _ 22 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=20:punct 24 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 25 hide hide VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 conj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=29:punct 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 ate eat VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 29 seeds seed NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obj _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 31 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 conj _ _ 32 or or CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 33 rotting rot VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 34 amod _ _ 34 plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=31:conj 35 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **include** | past | Survivors | many small mammals and birds and crocodiles and turtles and frogs and snakes and lizards | | | | | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mammal=Theme | | 2 | **need** | past | many small mammals and birds and crocodiles and turtles and frogs and snakes and lizards | less food | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot food=Theme | | 3 | **hide** | could | many small mammals and birds and crocodiles and turtles and frogs and snakes and lizards *not said here* | | | | | | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **eat** | past | many small mammals and birds and crocodiles and turtles and frogs and snakes and lizards *not said here* | seeds and insects or rotting plants | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seed=Patient | | 5 | **rot** | gerund | | | | | | | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:076-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×2, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/7/) - next →: [The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/)