---
title: A fungus disease called chytrid, spread partly by the animal trade,… — Endangered animals and extinction · tree and pragmatics
description: A fungus disease called chytrid, spread partly by the animal trade, has harmed hundreds of kinds of frogs by attacking the skin they breathe and drink through; the Panamanian golden frog now survives only in breeding centres. Who acts: fungus disease, diseases, Panamanian golden frog. A sentence of 
---

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# Endangered animals and extinction, sentence 13

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fungus disease called chytrid, spread partly by the animal trade, has harmed hundreds of kinds of frogs by attacking the skin they breathe and drink through; the Panamanian golden frog now survives only in breeding centres.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** fungus disease, diseases, Panamanian golden frog · **What happens:** call, spread, harm, attack, breathe, drink · **To what, where:** chytrid, fungus disease, skin, breeding centres · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Endangered animals and extinction» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fungus disease, diseases, Panamanian golden frog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:077-endangered-animals-and-extinction.lesson:13
# text = A fungus disease called chytrid, spread partly by the animal trade, has harmed hundreds of kinds of frogs by attacking the skin they breathe and drink through; the Panamanian golden frog now survives only in breeding centres.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 077-endangered-animals-and-extinction.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fungus	fungus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	chytrid	chytrid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	spread	spread	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	acl:relcl	_	_
8	partly	partly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
14	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	harmed	harm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
16	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	_
21	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
22	attacking	attack	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	breathe	breathe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	acl:relcl	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	drink	drink	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
29	through	through	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
30	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
32	Panamanian	panamanian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
33	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
35	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	36	advmod	_	_
36	survives	survive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:conj
37	only	only	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	breeding	breeding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	compound	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=40:amod|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger
40	centres	centre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obl	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle | a fungus disease *not said here* | chytrid |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **spread** | participle |  | a fungus disease *not said here* |  |  |  | by the animal trade; partly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by trade=Location |
| 3 | **harm** | present · perfect · passive |  | a fungus disease |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer hundred=Result |
| 4 | **attack** | gerund |  | the skin |  |  |  |  | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Patient |
| 5 | **breathe** | present | diseases *= disease* | the skin *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Theme |
| 6 | **drink** | present | diseases *= disease* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | through *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **survive** | present | the Panamanian golden frog |  |  | breeding centres | now |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in centre=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:077-endangered-animals-and-extinction.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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