--- title: Wild tigers live only in Asia; there may have been about 100,000 a c… — Endangered animals and extinction · tree and pragmatics description: Wild tigers live only in Asia; there may have been about 100,000 a century ago and only a few thousand now, but numbers in India and Nepal have grown in recent years thanks to protection. Who acts: Wild tigers, numbers. A sentence of the lesson «Endangered animals and extinction» of the biology cour --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/77-endangered-animals-and-extinction/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Endangered animals and extinction](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/77-endangered-animals-and-extinction/) / 7 # Endangered animals and extinction, sentence 7 Wild tigers live only in Asia; there may have been about 100,000 a century ago and only a few thousand now, but numbers in India and Nepal have grown in recent years thanks to protection. **Who acts:** Wild tigers, numbers · **What happens:** live, be, grow · **To what, where:** few thousand, Asia, thanks This is a sentence of the lesson «Endangered animals and extinction» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wild tigers, numbers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:077-endangered-animals-and-extinction.lesson:7 # text = Wild tigers live only in Asia; there may have been about 100,000 a century ago and only a few thousand now, but numbers in India and Nepal have grown in recent years thanks to protection. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 077-endangered-animals-and-extinction.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4 1 Wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 tigers tiger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 only only ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Asia Asia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 8 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 11 expl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:expl 9 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:aux 10 have have AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 11 aux _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:aux 11 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 16 cop _ _ 12 about about ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 13 100,000 100000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 11 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:obl:unmarked 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 century century NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl:unmarked _ _ 16 ago ago ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 18 only only ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 thousand thousand NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 3 obl _ _ 22 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 21 advmod _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 24 but but CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 25 numbers number NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 Nepal Nepal PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 conj _ _ 30 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 31 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 conj _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 recent recent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obl _ _ 35 thanks thanks NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 36 to to ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 protection protection NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | present | Wild tigers | a few thousand | | Asia | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in asia=Location | | 2 | **is** | participle | | | | | century | ago *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **grow** | present · perfect | numbers in India and Nepal | thanks to protection | | | year | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:077-endangered-animals-and-extinction.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Endangered animals and extinction, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/77-endangered-animals-and-extinction/6/) - next →: [Endangered animals and extinction, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/77-endangered-animals-and-extinction/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/77-endangered-animals-and-extinction/)