--- title: Commercial whaling killed huge numbers of whales until a worldwide p… — Conservation: how people help animals come back · tree and pragmatics description: Commercial whaling killed huge numbers of whales until a worldwide pause began in 1986, and humpbacks have since recovered strongly in several oceans, though slowly, because whales live long and have few calves; male humpbacks sing long songs that spread across oceans. Who acts: Commercial whaling, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/78-conservation-animals-come-back/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Conservation: how people help animals…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/78-conservation-animals-come-back/) / 5 # Conservation: how people help animals come back, sentence 5 Commercial whaling killed huge numbers of whales until a worldwide pause began in 1986, and humpbacks have since recovered strongly in several oceans, though slowly, because whales live long and have few calves; male humpbacks sing long songs that spread across oceans. **Who acts:** Commercial whaling, worldwide pause, humpbacks, whales, male humpbacks, long songs · **What happens:** kill, begin, recover, live, have, sing · **To what, where:** huge numbers, 1986, several oceans, few calves, long songs, oceans This is a sentence of the lesson «Conservation: how people help animals come back» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Commercial whaling, worldwide pause, humpbacks, whales), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:078-conservation-animals-come-back.lesson:5 # text = Commercial whaling killed huge numbers of whales until a worldwide pause began in 1986, and humpbacks have since recovered strongly in several oceans, though slowly, because whales live long and have few calves; male humpbacks sing long songs that spread across oceans. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 078-conservation-animals-come-back.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Commercial commercial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:ccomp 2 whaling whaling NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 killed kill VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 numbers number NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:obj 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nmod _ _ 8 until until SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 worldwide worldwide ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 pause pause NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 1986 1986 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 12 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 17 humpbacks humpback NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ _ 18 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 19 since since ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 20 recovered recover VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 conj _ _ 21 strongly strongly ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 22 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 oceans ocean NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 though though ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 slowly slowly ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 29 because because SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 30 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ _ 31 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=20:parataxis|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 32 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 31 advmod _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 conj _ _ 35 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 calves calf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obj _ _ 37 ; ; PUNCT : _ 39 punct _ _ 38 male male ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 humpbacks humpback NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 nsubj _ _ 40 sing sing VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 41 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ _ 42 songs song NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 obj _ _ 43 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 44 nsubj _ _ 44 spread spread VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 42 acl:relcl _ _ 45 across across ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 46 oceans ocean NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 obl _ _ 47 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **kill** | past | Commercial whaling | huge numbers of whales | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Theme | | 2 | **begin** | past | a worldwide pause | | | 1986 | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 3 | **recover** | present · perfect | humpbacks | | | several oceans | | since, slowly, strongly *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **live** | present | whales | | | | | long *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **have** | present | whales *not said here* | few calves | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calf=Patient | | 6 | **sing** *speech: express* | present | male humpbacks | long songs | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme | | 7 | **spread** | past | long songs | | | oceans | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme across ocean=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:078-conservation-animals-come-back.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Conservation: how people help animals…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/78-conservation-animals-come-back/4/) - next →: [Conservation: how people help animals…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/78-conservation-animals-come-back/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/78-conservation-animals-come-back/)