--- title: Sperm whales dive over 1,000 metres deep, sometimes over 2,000, hunt… — The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark · tree and pragmatics description: Sperm whales dive over 1,000 metres deep, sometimes over 2,000, hunting squid by echolocation clicks, the loudest sounds made by any animal, and they have the biggest brain of any animal. Who acts: Sperm whales, animal, sounds. A sentence of the lesson «The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/8-the-ocean/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and t…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/8-the-ocean/) / 12 # The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark, sentence 12 Sperm whales dive over 1,000 metres deep, sometimes over 2,000, hunting squid by echolocation clicks, the loudest sounds made by any animal, and they have the biggest brain of any animal. **Who acts:** Sperm whales, animal, sounds · **What happens:** dive, hunt, make, have · **To what, where:** 2,000, squid, loudest sounds, biggest brain This is a sentence of the lesson «The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sperm whales, animal, sounds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:008-the-ocean.lesson:12 # text = Sperm whales dive over 1,000 metres deep, sometimes over 2,000, hunting squid by echolocation clicks, the loudest sounds made by any animal, and they have the biggest brain of any animal. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 008-the-ocean.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Sperm sperm NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 dive dive VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 over over ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 1,000 1000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _ 6 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:obj 7 deep deep ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 sometimes sometimes ADV RB PronType=Ind 11 advmod _ _ 10 over over ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 2,000 2000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 obl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 hunting hunt VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 14 squid squid NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 15 by by ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 echolocation echolocation NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 17 clicks click NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 loudest loud ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 21 amod _ _ 21 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj:pass _ _ 22 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 advcl _ _ 23 by by ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 25 det _ _ 25 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 28 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 29 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:parataxis 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 biggest big ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 32 amod _ _ 32 brain brain NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ _ 33 of of ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 35 det _ _ 35 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nmod _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **dive** | present | Sperm whales | 2,000 | | | | deep *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 2 | **hunt** | gerund | Sperm whales *not said here* | squid | | | | by echolocation clicks | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent squid=Theme by click=Location | | 3 | **make** | participle · passive | any animal | the loudest sounds | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product | | 4 | **have** | present | sounds *= sound* | the biggest brain of any animal | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brain=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:008-the-ocean.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and t…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/8-the-ocean/11/) - next →: [The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and t…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/8-the-ocean/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/8-the-ocean/)