--- title: Plankton are tiny drifting living things, such as algae, baby fish a… — The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark · tree and pragmatics description: Plankton are tiny drifting living things, such as algae, baby fish and copepods; many swim up to the surface at night and sink by day, the biggest daily journey of animals on Earth. Who acts: Plankton, many. A sentence of the lesson «The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark» of the biology --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/8-the-ocean/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and t…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/8-the-ocean/) / 6 # The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark, sentence 6 Plankton are tiny drifting living things, such as algae, baby fish and copepods; many swim up to the surface at night and sink by day, the biggest daily journey of animals on Earth. **Who acts:** Plankton, many · **What happens:** drift, live, be, swim up, sink, journey · **To what, where:** tiny drifting living things, surface, animals This is a sentence of the lesson «The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Plankton, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:008-the-ocean.lesson:6 # text = Plankton are tiny drifting living things, such as algae, baby fish and copepods; many swim up to the surface at night and sink by day, the biggest daily journey of animals on Earth. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 008-the-ocean.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Plankton plankton NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=6:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 3 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 4 drifting drift VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 amod _ _ 5 living live VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 amod _ _ 6 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 10 case _ _ 9 as as ADP IN _ 8 fixed _ _ 10 algae alga NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 baby baby NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 fish fish NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:nmod 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 15 copepods copepod NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 conj _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 nsubj _ _ 18 swim swim VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 19 up up ADP RP _ 18 compound:prt _ _ 20 to to ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 surface surface NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 23 at at ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:nmod 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 sink sink VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 27 by by ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 31 biggest big ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 33 amod _ _ 32 daily daily ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 journey journey NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 appos _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nmod _ _ 36 on on ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 nmod _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **drift** | gerund | | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **live** | gerund | | | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **is a** | present | Plankton | tiny drifting living things | | | | such algae and baby fish and copepods | tree rules | | 4 | **swim up** | present | many | | | the surface | night | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to surface=Destination | | 5 | **sink** | present | many *not said here* | | | | day | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 6 | **journey** | | | animals on Earth | | | | | nom journey «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:008-the-ocean.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and t…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/8-the-ocean/5/) - next →: [The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and t…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/8-the-ocean/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/8-the-ocean/)