--- title: The jaguar has the strongest bite of any big cat for its size, stron… — The big cats house: snow leopards, jaguars, smal… · tree and pragmatics description: The jaguar has the strongest bite of any big cat for its size, strong enough to crack a turtle's shell, and the clouded leopard can walk down a tree trunk head first like a squirrel. Who acts: jaguar, clouded leopard. A sentence of the lesson «The big cats house: snow leopards, jaguars, small cats a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The big cats house: snow leopards, jag…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats/) / 1 # The big cats house: snow leopards, jaguars, small cats and enrichment, sentence 1 The jaguar has the strongest bite of any big cat for its size, strong enough to crack a turtle's shell, and the clouded leopard can walk down a tree trunk head first like a squirrel. **Who acts:** jaguar, clouded leopard · **What happens:** have, crack, cloud, walk down, bite · **To what, where:** strongest bite, shell, trunk head, big cat This is a sentence of the lesson «The big cats house: snow leopards, jaguars, small cats and enrichment» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (jaguar, clouded leopard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:082-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats.lesson:1 # text = The jaguar has the strongest bite of any big cat for its size, strong enough to crack a turtle's shell, and the clouded leopard can walk down a tree trunk head first like a squirrel. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 082-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 jaguar jaguar NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 strongest strong ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 6 amod _ _ 6 bite bite NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 10 det _ _ 9 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 cat cat NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 11 for for ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 size size NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 strong strong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 parataxis _ _ 16 enough enough ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 crack crack VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 advcl _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 turtle turtle NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod:poss _ _ 21 's 's PART POS _ 20 case _ _ 22 shell shell NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 clouded cloud VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 27 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=27:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 27 leopard leopard NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 28 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 29 walk walk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 30 down down ADP RP _ 29 compound:prt _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 32 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 compound _ _ 33 trunk trunk NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 compound _ _ 34 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl:unmarked _ _ 35 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 29 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=38:advmod 36 like like ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 squirrel squirrel NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | the jaguar | the strongest bite of any big cat for cat's size | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bite=Patient | | 2 | **crack** | to-infinitive | the jaguar *not said here* | a turtle's shell | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location shell=Theme | | 3 | **cloud** | participle | | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **walk down** | can | the clouded leopard | a trunk head | | | | like a squirrel; first *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **bite** | | | any big cat for cat's size | | | | | nom bite «state transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:082-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The big cats house: snow leopards, jag…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats/0/) - next →: [The big cats house: snow leopards, jag…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats/)