--- title: Elephant herds are led by the oldest female, the matriarch; grown-up… — The elephant house: herds, feet, food and the mo… · tree and pragmatics description: Elephant herds are led by the oldest female, the matriarch; grown-up males leave as teenagers and live alone or in groups of young bulls. Who acts: oldest female, grown males. A sentence of the lesson «The elephant house: herds, feet, food and the mouse myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/83-elephant-house-herds-feet-food-mouse-myth/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The elephant house: herds, feet, food…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/83-elephant-house-herds-feet-food-mouse-myth/) / 5 # The elephant house: herds, feet, food and the mouse myth, sentence 5 Elephant herds are led by the oldest female, the matriarch; grown-up males leave as teenagers and live alone or in groups of young bulls. **Who acts:** oldest female, grown males · **What happens:** lead, grow up, leave, live · **To what, where:** Elephant herds This is a sentence of the lesson «The elephant house: herds, feet, food and the mouse myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (oldest female, grown males), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:083-elephant-house-herds-feet-food-mouse-myth.lesson:5 # text = Elephant herds are led by the oldest female, the matriarch; grown-up males leave as teenagers and live alone or in groups of young bulls. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 083-elephant-house-herds-feet-food-mouse-myth.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Elephant elephant NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 herds herd NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 led lead VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 by by ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 oldest old ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 8 amod _ _ 8 female female NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl:agent _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 matriarch matriarch NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 appos _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 13 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 amod _ _ 14 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 15 punct _ _ 15 up up ADP RP _ 13 compound:prt _ _ 16 males male NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 17 leave leave VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 18 as as ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 teenagers teenager NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=17:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 22 alone alone ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 23 or or CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 24 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 groups group NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 conj _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 bulls bull NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nmod _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lead** | present · passive | the oldest female | Elephant herds | | | | | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | | 2 | **grow up** | participle | | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **leave** | present | grown males | | | | | as teenagers | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **live** | present | grown males *not said here* | | | | | alone *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:083-elephant-house-herds-feet-food-mouse-myth.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The elephant house: herds, feet, food…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/83-elephant-house-herds-feet-food-mouse-myth/4/) - next →: [The elephant house: herds, feet, food…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/83-elephant-house-herds-feet-food-mouse-myth/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/83-elephant-house-herds-feet-food-mouse-myth/)