--- title: Apes are clever in ways you can watch: an orangutan puts a sack on i… — The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bonobos and… · tree and pragmatics description: Apes are clever in ways you can watch: an orangutan puts a sack on its head when it rains, apes tap puzzles on touch screens, and an orangutan that sees a mark on its face in a mirror reaches up to pick at it, so it knows the reflection is itself. Who acts: Apes, you, orangutan, it. A sentence of th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/85-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/85-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos/) / 1 # The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bonobos and how apes think, sentence 1 Apes are clever in ways you can watch: an orangutan puts a sack on its head when it rains, apes tap puzzles on touch screens, and an orangutan that sees a mark on its face in a mirror reaches up to pick at it, so it knows the reflection is itself. **Who acts:** Apes, you, orangutan, it, reflection · **What happens:** be, watch, put, rain, tap, see · **To what, where:** ways, sack, head, puzzles, mark, face · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bonobos and how apes think» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Apes, you, orangutan, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:085-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos.lesson:1 # text = Apes are clever in ways you can watch: an orangutan puts a sack on its head when it rains, apes tap puzzles on touch screens, and an orangutan that sees a mark on its face in a mirror reaches up to pick at it, so it knows the reflection is itself. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 085-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Apes ape NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 clever clever ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 in in ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 ways way NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 6 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 7 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 8 watch watch VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 acl:relcl _ _ 9 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 10 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 orangutan orangutan NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 puts put VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 sack sack NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 on on ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:nmod 18 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 20 advmod _ _ 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 rains rain VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:conj 21 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 apes ape NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 23 tap tap VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 24 puzzles puzzle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ _ 25 on on ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 touch touch NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 compound _ _ 27 screens screen NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:nmod 28 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 30 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 orangutan orangutan NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nsubj _ _ 32 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 33 nsubj _ _ 33 sees see VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 acl:relcl _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 mark mark NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 36 on on ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ _ 38 face face NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod _ _ 39 in in ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 mirror mirror NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 42 reaches reach VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 43 up up ADP RP _ 42 compound:prt _ _ 44 to to PART TO _ 45 mark _ _ 45 pick pick VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 42 advcl _ _ 46 at at ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 47 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 obl _ _ 48 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 49 so so ADV RB _ 51 advmod _ _ 50 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 51 knows know VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 52 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 53 reflection reflection NOUN NN Number=Sing 55 nsubj _ _ 54 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 55 cop _ _ 55 itself itself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes 51 ccomp _ _ 56 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: evaluate - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Apes | | | ways | | clever *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **watch** | can | you | ways *not said here* | | | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Theme | | 3 | **put** | present | a orangutan | a sack | | orangutan's head | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent sack=Theme on head=Destination | | 4 | **rain** | present | it | | | | | | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | | 5 | **tap** | present | apes | puzzles | | | | on touch screens | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent puzzle=Instrument on screen=Patient | | 6 | **see** | present | a orangutan | a mark | | orangutan's face | | in a mirror | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mark=Stimulus | | 7 | **reach up** | present | a orangutan | | | | | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **pick** | to-infinitive | a orangutan *not said here* | | | | | at orangutan | vn chew-39.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at it=Patient | | 9 | **know** | present | orangutan | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 10 | **is a** | present | the reflection | orangutan | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:085-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bo…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/85-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos/0/) - next →: [The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bo…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/85-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/85-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos/)