--- title: Apes cannot speak words; some, like the gorilla Koko and the bonobo… — The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bonobos and… · tree and pragmatics description: Apes cannot speak words; some, like the gorilla Koko and the bonobo Kanzi, learned hundreds of signs or symbols, but scientists argue about how much this is like language. Who acts: Apes, some, scientists, this. A sentence of the lesson «The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bonobos and how apes think --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/85-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/85-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos/) / 13 # The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bonobos and how apes think, sentence 13 Apes cannot speak words; some, like the gorilla Koko and the bonobo Kanzi, learned hundreds of signs or symbols, but scientists argue about how much this is like language. **Who acts:** Apes, some, scientists, this · **What happens:** not speak, learn, argue, be · **To what, where:** words, hundreds · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bonobos and how apes think» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Apes, some, scientists, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:085-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos.lesson:13 # text = Apes cannot speak words; some, like the gorilla Koko and the bonobo Kanzi, learned hundreds of signs or symbols, but scientists argue about how much this is like language. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 085-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Apes ape NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 4 advmod _ _ 4 speak speak VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 6 ; ; PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 7 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 18 nsubj _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 9 like like ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 gorilla gorilla NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 12 Koko Koko PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 appos _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 bonobo bonobo NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 16 Kanzi Kanzi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 flat _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 18 learned learn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 19 hundreds hundred NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 signs sign NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nmod _ _ 22 or or CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 symbols symbol NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 conj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 but but CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 26 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 27 argue argue VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 28 about about ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 29 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 30 advmod _ _ 30 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 31 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 34 nsubj _ _ 32 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 cop _ _ 33 like like ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **speak** *speech: other* | can | Apes | words | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **learn** | past | some | hundreds of signs or symbols | | | | like the gorilla | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hundred=Topic | | 3 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | present | scientists | | | | | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** | present | this | | | | | about much language | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:085-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bo…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/85-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos/12/) - next →: [The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bo…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/85-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/85-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos/)