--- title: Antivenom is made by giving horses tiny safe doses of venom and coll… — The reptile house: snakes · tree and pragmatics description: Antivenom is made by giving horses tiny safe doses of venom and collecting the antibodies their blood makes; some blood pressure medicines were first found by studying venom. Who acts: blood. A sentence of the lesson «The reptile house: snakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/87-reptile-house-snakes/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The reptile house: snakes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/87-reptile-house-snakes/) / 14 # The reptile house: snakes, sentence 14 Antivenom is made by giving horses tiny safe doses of venom and collecting the antibodies their blood makes; some blood pressure medicines were first found by studying venom. **Who acts:** blood · **What happens:** make, give, collect, find, study · **To what, where:** Antivenom, tiny safe doses, horses, antibodies, pressure medicines, venom This is a sentence of the lesson «The reptile house: snakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (blood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:087-reptile-house-snakes.lesson:14 # text = Antivenom is made by giving horses tiny safe doses of venom and collecting the antibodies their blood makes; some blood pressure medicines were first found by studying venom. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 087-reptile-house-snakes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Antivenom antivenom NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 by by SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 5 giving give VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 advcl _ _ 6 horses horse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 iobj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:obj 7 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 8 safe safe ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 doses dose NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 venom venom NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 collecting collect VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 conj _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 antibodies antibody NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obj _ _ 16 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 18 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 acl:relcl _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 26 punct _ _ 20 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 23 det _ _ 21 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 22 pressure pressure NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound _ _ 23 medicines medicine NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj:pass _ _ 24 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux:pass _ _ 25 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 26 advmod _ _ 26 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 27 by by SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 28 studying study VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 26 advcl _ _ 29 venom venom NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present · passive | | Antivenom | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | | 2 | **give** | gerund | | tiny safe doses of venom | horses | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent horse=Recipient dose=Theme | | 3 | **collect** | gerund | | the antibodies | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent antibody=Theme | | 4 | **make** | present | antibodies's blood | the antibodies *not said here* | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material antibody=Product | | 5 | **find** | past · passive | | some pressure medicines | | | | first *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | | 6 | **study** | gerund | | venom | | | | | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent venom=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:087-reptile-house-snakes.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The reptile house: snakes, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/87-reptile-house-snakes/13/) - next →: [The reptile house: snakes, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/87-reptile-house-snakes/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/87-reptile-house-snakes/)