--- title: Crabs walk sideways because their leg joints bend best that way, tho… — Coral reefs, rockpools and the seashore · tree and pragmatics description: Crabs walk sideways because their leg joints bend best that way, though many can also walk slowly forwards, have 10 legs counting the 2 claws, and grow by moulting their hard shell. Who acts: Crabs, leg joints, many, 10 legs. A sentence of the lesson «Coral reefs, rockpools and the seashore» of the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/9-coral-reefs-rockpools-and-the-seashore/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Coral reefs, rockpools and the seashore](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/9-coral-reefs-rockpools-and-the-seashore/) / 14 # Coral reefs, rockpools and the seashore, sentence 14 Crabs walk sideways because their leg joints bend best that way, though many can also walk slowly forwards, have 10 legs counting the 2 claws, and grow by moulting their hard shell. **Who acts:** Crabs, leg joints, many, 10 legs · **What happens:** walk, bend, have, count, grow, moult · **To what, where:** way, 10 legs, 2 claws, hard shell This is a sentence of the lesson «Coral reefs, rockpools and the seashore» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Crabs, leg joints, many, 10 legs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:009-coral-reefs-rockpools-and-the-seashore.lesson:14 # text = Crabs walk sideways because their leg joints bend best that way, though many can also walk slowly forwards, have 10 legs counting the 2 claws, and grow by moulting their hard shell. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 009-coral-reefs-rockpools-and-the-seashore.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Crabs crab NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 walk walk VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 sideways sideways ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 4 because because SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 5 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 6 leg leg NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 joints joint NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 8 bend bend VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 advcl _ _ 9 best well ADV RB Degree=Sup 8 advmod _ _ 10 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 11 det _ _ 11 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl:unmarked _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 13 though though SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 14 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 nsubj _ _ 15 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 16 also also ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 17 walk walk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 conj _ _ 18 slowly slowly ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 19 forwards forward ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 have have VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=17:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 23 nummod _ _ 23 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obj _ _ 24 counting count VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 23 acl _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 27 nummod _ _ 27 claws claw NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 grow grow VERB VB Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:parataxis 31 by by SCONJ IN _ 32 mark _ _ 32 moulting moult VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 30 advcl _ _ 33 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ _ 34 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 35 shell shell NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **walk** | present | Crabs | | | | | sideways *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **bend** | present | crabs's leg joints | that way | | | | well *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **walk** | can | many | | | | | forward, slowly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **have** | infinitive | many *not said here* | 10 legs | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient | | 5 | **count** | gerund | 10 legs *not said here* | the 2 claws | | | | | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent claw=Theme | | 6 | **grow** | infinitive | many *not said here* | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **moult** | gerund | many *not said here* | crabs's hard shell | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:009-coral-reefs-rockpools-and-the-seashore.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Coral reefs, rockpools and the seashore, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/9-coral-reefs-rockpools-and-the-seashore/13/) - next →: [Coral reefs, rockpools and the seashore, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/9-coral-reefs-rockpools-and-the-seashore/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/9-coral-reefs-rockpools-and-the-seashore/)