--- title: The stonefish is one of the most venomous fish; it lies still lookin… — The aquarium: the coral reef tank · tree and pragmatics description: The stonefish is one of the most venomous fish; it lies still looking like a lumpy rock, has venomous spines on its back that can sting a person who treads on it, and swallows passing fish in a split second. Who acts: stonefish, venomous spines, person. A sentence of the lesson «The aquarium: the co --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/90-aquarium-the-coral-reef-tank/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The aquarium: the coral reef tank](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/90-aquarium-the-coral-reef-tank/) / 13 # The aquarium: the coral reef tank, sentence 13 The stonefish is one of the most venomous fish; it lies still looking like a lumpy rock, has venomous spines on its back that can sting a person who treads on it, and swallows passing fish in a split second. **Who acts:** stonefish, venomous spines, person · **What happens:** be, lie, look, have, sting, tread · **To what, where:** one, venomous spines, back, person, stonefish, fish This is a sentence of the lesson «The aquarium: the coral reef tank» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stonefish, venomous spines, person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:090-aquarium-the-coral-reef-tank.lesson:13 # text = The stonefish is one of the most venomous fish; it lies still looking like a lumpy rock, has venomous spines on its back that can sting a person who treads on it, and swallows passing fish in a split second. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 090-aquarium-the-coral-reef-tank.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 stonefish stonefish NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 0 root _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 7 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 8 advmod _ _ 8 venomous venomous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:nmod|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 10 ; ; PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 lies lie VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 13 still still ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 14 looking look VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 12 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:xcomp 15 like like ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 lumpy lumpy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 rock rock NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 21 venomous venomous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 spines spine NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obj _ _ 23 on on ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 25 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 26 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 28 nsubj _ _ 27 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 28 sting sting VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 acl:relcl _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 32 nsubj _ _ 32 treads tread VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 acl:relcl _ _ 33 on on ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obl _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 swallows swallow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 conj _ _ 38 passing pass VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 37 advcl _ _ 39 fish fish NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=38:obj 40 in in ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 43 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=42:det 42 split split NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl _ _ 43 second second ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 38 advmod _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the stonefish | one | | | | of the venomous fish | tree rules | | 2 | **lie** | present | stonefish | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **look** | gerund | stonefish *not said here* | | | | still | like a lumpy rock | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | | 4 | **have** | present | stonefish *not said here* | venomous spines | | stonefish's back | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spine=Patient | | 5 | **sting** | can | venomous spines | a person | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus person=Experiencer | | 6 | **tread** | present | a person | | | stonefish | | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on it=Trajectory | | 7 | **swallow** | present | a person *not said here* | fish | | | | | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Patient | | 8 | **pass** | gerund | a person *not said here* | | | split | | second *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in split=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:090-aquarium-the-coral-reef-tank.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The aquarium: the coral reef tank, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/90-aquarium-the-coral-reef-tank/12/) - next →: [The aquarium: the coral reef tank, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/90-aquarium-the-coral-reef-tank/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/90-aquarium-the-coral-reef-tank/)