--- title: Some sharks, like the nurse shark, can rest on the bottom and pump w… — The aquarium: the shark tunnel and the rays · tree and pragmatics description: Some sharks, like the nurse shark, can rest on the bottom and pump water over their gills, but others, like the great white, must keep swimming to breathe. Who acts: sharks, others. A sentence of the lesson «The aquarium: the shark tunnel and the rays» of the biology course of Mova's primary school --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/91-the-aquarium-the-shark-tunnel-and-the-rays/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The aquarium: the shark tunnel and the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/91-the-aquarium-the-shark-tunnel-and-the-rays/) / 15 # The aquarium: the shark tunnel and the rays, sentence 15 Some sharks, like the nurse shark, can rest on the bottom and pump water over their gills, but others, like the great white, must keep swimming to breathe. **Who acts:** sharks, others · **What happens:** rest, keep, swim, breathe · **To what, where:** bottom This is a sentence of the lesson «The aquarium: the shark tunnel and the rays» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sharks, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:091-the-aquarium-the-shark-tunnel-and-the-rays.lesson:15 # text = Some sharks, like the nurse shark, can rest on the bottom and pump water over their gills, but others, like the great white, must keep swimming to breathe. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 091-the-aquarium-the-shark-tunnel-and-the-rays.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Some some DET DT PronType=Ind 2 det _ _ 2 sharks shark NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 4 like like ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 nurse nurse NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 shark shark NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 9 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 rest rest VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 11 on on ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 bottom bottom NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 15 pump pump NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:compound 16 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 17 over over ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 gills gill NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:obl 20 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct 21 but but CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 24 like like ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 white white ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=22:nmod|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 28 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 29 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 conj _ _ 31 swimming swim VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 30 xcomp _ _ 32 to to PART TO _ 33 mark _ _ 33 breathe breathe VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=31:xcomp 34 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **rest** | can | some sharks like the nurse shark | | | the bottom and water | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on bottom=Location | | 2 | **keep** | must | others like the great white | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **swim** | gerund | others like the great white *not said here* | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **breathe** | to-infinitive | others like the great white *not said here* | | | | | | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:091-the-aquarium-the-shark-tunnel-and-the-rays.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The aquarium: the shark tunnel and the…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/91-the-aquarium-the-shark-tunnel-and-the-rays/14/) - next →: [The aquarium: the shark tunnel and the…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/91-the-aquarium-the-shark-tunnel-and-the-rays/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/91-the-aquarium-the-shark-tunnel-and-the-rays/)