--- title: Bushbabies are small African primates that leap several metres in th… — The nocturnal house: night animals by red light · tree and pragmatics description: Bushbabies are small African primates that leap several metres in the dark; their eyes are so big they cannot move them, so they turn their heads instead. Who acts: Bushbabies, small African primates, eyes, mammals. A sentence of the lesson «The nocturnal house: night animals by red light» of the bi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/95-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The nocturnal house: night animals by…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/95-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light/) / 13 # The nocturnal house: night animals by red light, sentence 13 Bushbabies are small African primates that leap several metres in the dark; their eyes are so big they cannot move them, so they turn their heads instead. **Who acts:** Bushbabies, small African primates, eyes, mammals · **What happens:** be, leap, not move, turn · **To what, where:** small African primates, several metres, dark, mammals, heads This is a sentence of the lesson «The nocturnal house: night animals by red light» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bushbabies, small African primates, eyes, mammals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:095-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light.lesson:13 # text = Bushbabies are small African primates that leap several metres in the dark; their eyes are so big they cannot move them, so they turn their heads instead. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 095-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Bushbabies bushbaby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 4 African African ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 primates primate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 6 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 7 nsubj _ _ 7 leap leap VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 8 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl:unmarked _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 dark dark NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=7:obl|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 13 ; ; PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 14 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 16 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 cop _ _ 17 so so ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 18 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 conj _ _ 19 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 20 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 21 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 22 advmod _ _ 22 move move VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 ccomp _ _ 23 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 so so ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 26 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 turn turn VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 advcl _ _ 28 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 29 heads head NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj _ _ 30 instead instead ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Bushbabies | small African primates | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **leap** | present | small African primates | several metres | | the dark | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in dark=Trajectory | | 3 | **is** | present | metres's eyes | | | | | big *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **not** **move** | can | eyes *= eye* | mammals *= mammal* | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent they=Theme | | 5 | **turn** | present | mammals *= mammal* | mammals's heads | | | | instead *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent head=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:095-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The nocturnal house: night animals by…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/95-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light/12/) - next →: [The nocturnal house: night animals by…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/95-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/95-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light/)