--- title: A praying mantis can turn its head to follow moving prey before it s… — The insect house: ants, stick insects, tarantula… · tree and pragmatics description: A praying mantis can turn its head to follow moving prey before it strikes with spiky front legs, and tiny 3D glasses showed that mantises see depth. Who acts: praying mantis, mantis, tiny 3D glasses, mantises. A sentence of the lesson «The insect house: ants, stick insects, tarantulas and scorpions --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The insect house: ants, stick insects,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions/) / 12 # The insect house: ants, stick insects, tarantulas and scorpions, sentence 12 A praying mantis can turn its head to follow moving prey before it strikes with spiky front legs, and tiny 3D glasses showed that mantises see depth. **Who acts:** praying mantis, mantis, tiny 3D glasses, mantises · **What happens:** pray, turn, follow, move, strike, show · **To what, where:** head, moving prey, depth · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The insect house: ants, stick insects, tarantulas and scorpions» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (praying mantis, mantis, tiny 3D glasses, mantises), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:097-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions.lesson:12 # text = A praying mantis can turn its head to follow moving prey before it strikes with spiky front legs, and tiny 3D glasses showed that mantises see depth. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 097-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 praying pray VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 3 mantis mantis NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 turn turn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 follow follow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 advcl _ _ 10 moving move VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 11 amod _ _ 11 prey prey NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 before before SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 13 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 strikes strike VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 advcl _ _ 15 with with ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 16 spiky spiky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 17 front front ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 21 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 22 3D 3d NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=23:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi 23 glasses glass NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 24 showed show VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:conj 25 that that SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 26 mantises mantis NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 27 see see VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:advcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 28 depth depth NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **pray** | gerund | | | | | | | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot | | 2 | **turn** | can | a praying mantis | mantis's head | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent head=Theme | | 3 | **follow** | to-infinitive | a praying mantis *not said here* | moving prey | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Theme | | 4 | **move** | gerund | | | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **strike** | present | mantis | | | | | with spiky front legs | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with leg=Theme | | 6 | **show** | past | tiny 3D glasses | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **see** | present | mantises | depth | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer depth=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:097-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The insect house: ants, stick insects,…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions/10/) - next →: [The insect house: ants, stick insects,…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions/)