--- title: Leafcutter ants do not eat the leaves; they chew them into mush to g… — The insect house: ants, stick insects, tarantula… · tree and pragmatics description: Leafcutter ants do not eat the leaves; they chew them into mush to grow a fungus garden and eat the fungus, and ants were farming fungus for millions of years before people farmed. Who acts: Leafcutter ants, ants, people. A sentence of the lesson «The insect house: ants, stick insects, tarantulas an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The insect house: ants, stick insects,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions/) / 5 # The insect house: ants, stick insects, tarantulas and scorpions, sentence 5 Leafcutter ants do not eat the leaves; they chew them into mush to grow a fungus garden and eat the fungus, and ants were farming fungus for millions of years before people farmed. **Who acts:** Leafcutter ants, ants, people · **What happens:** not eat, chew, grow, eat, farm · **To what, where:** leaves, mush, fungus garden, fungus This is a sentence of the lesson «The insect house: ants, stick insects, tarantulas and scorpions» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Leafcutter ants, ants, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:097-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions.lesson:5 # text = Leafcutter ants do not eat the leaves; they chew them into mush to grow a fungus garden and eat the fungus, and ants were farming fungus for millions of years before people farmed. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 097-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Leafcutter leafcutter NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 ants ant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 3 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 4 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 5 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 8 ; ; PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 chew chew VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 11 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ _ 12 into into ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 mush mush NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 14 to to PART TO _ 15 mark _ _ 15 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 fungus fungus NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 18 garden garden NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 conj _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 fungus fungus NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 25 ants ant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 26 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 27 farming farm VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 20 conj _ _ 28 fungus fungus NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 29 for for ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nmod _ _ 33 before before SCONJ IN _ 35 mark _ _ 34 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 nsubj _ _ 35 farmed farm VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 advcl _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **eat** | present · do-support | Leafcutter ants | the leaves | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient | | 2 | **chew** | present | ants *= ant* | leaves *= leaf* | | mush | | | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | | 3 | **grow** | to-infinitive | ants *= ant* *not said here* | a fungus garden | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location garden=Theme | | 4 | **eat** | infinitive | ants *= ant* *not said here* | the fungus | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fungus=Patient | | 5 | **farm** | past · progressive | ants | fungus | | | | for millions of years | vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fungus=Patient | | 6 | **farm** | past | people | | | | | | vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:097-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The insect house: ants, stick insects,…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions/4/) - next →: [The insect house: ants, stick insects,…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions/)