--- title: Once a year penguins moult all their feathers in a few weeks; they c… — The penguin pool · tree and pragmatics description: Once a year penguins moult all their feathers in a few weeks; they cannot swim or eat then, so they fatten up beforehand and look scruffy. Who acts: penguins. A sentence of the lesson «The penguin pool» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The penguin pool](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/) / 15 # The penguin pool, sentence 15 Once a year penguins moult all their feathers in a few weeks; they cannot swim or eat then, so they fatten up beforehand and look scruffy. **Who acts:** penguins · **What happens:** moult, not swim, eat, fatten up, look · **To what, where:** feathers This is a sentence of the lesson «The penguin pool» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (penguins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:099-the-penguin-pool.lesson:15 # text = Once a year penguins moult all their feathers in a few weeks; they cannot swim or eat then, so they fatten up beforehand and look scruffy. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 099-the-penguin-pool.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Once once ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl:unmarked _ _ 4 penguins penguin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 5 moult moult VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 parataxis _ _ 6 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 8 det:predet _ _ 7 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 feathers feather NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 weeks week NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 14 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 15 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 16 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 17 advmod _ _ 17 swim swim VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 18 or or CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 conj _ _ 20 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 17 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:advmod 21 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 22 so so ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 23 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 fatten fatten VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:advcl 25 up up ADP RP _ 24 compound:prt _ _ 26 beforehand beforehand ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 look look VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:conj 29 scruffy scruffy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 xcomp _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=17:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **moult** | present | penguins | penguins's feathers | | | week; year | once *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **not** **swim** | can | penguins *= penguin* | | | | then | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **eat** | infinitive | penguins *= penguin* *not said here* | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **fatten up** | present | penguins *= penguin* | | | | | beforehand *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **look** | infinitive | penguins *= penguin* *not said here* | | | | | scruffy *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:099-the-penguin-pool.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The penguin pool, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/14/) - next →: [The penguin pool, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/)