---
title: Humboldt penguins live on the coasts of Peru and Chile, African peng… — The penguin pool · tree and pragmatics
description: Humboldt penguins live on the coasts of Peru and Chile, African penguins in South Africa, and the Galapagos penguin almost on the equator. Who acts: Humboldt penguins. A sentence of the lesson «The penguin pool» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmati
---

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# The penguin pool, sentence 6

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Humboldt penguins live on the coasts of Peru and Chile, African penguins in South Africa, and the Galapagos penguin almost on the equator.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Humboldt penguins · **What happens:** live · **To what, where:** coasts

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The penguin pool» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Humboldt penguins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:099-the-penguin-pool.lesson:6
# text = Humboldt penguins live on the coasts of Peru and Chile, African penguins in South Africa, and the Galapagos penguin almost on the equator.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 099-the-penguin-pool.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Humboldt	Humboldt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	penguins	penguin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	coasts	coast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Peru	Peru	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Chile	Chile	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	penguins	penguin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:det
20	Galapagos	Galapagos	PROPN	NNP	Number=Plur	21	compound	_	_
21	penguin	penguin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
22	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	equator	equator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Humboldt penguins and the Galapagos penguin on the equator |  |  | the coasts of Peru and Chile and African penguins in South Africa |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on coast=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:099-the-penguin-pool.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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