--- title: Penguins are countershaded: from above the black back blends with th… — The penguin pool · tree and pragmatics description: Penguins are countershaded: from above the black back blends with the dark sea, and from below the white belly blends with the bright surface. A sentence of the lesson «The penguin pool» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The penguin pool](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/) / 9 # The penguin pool, sentence 9 Penguins are countershaded: from above the black back blends with the dark sea, and from below the white belly blends with the bright surface. **What happens:** countershad, blend · **To what, where:** Penguins, black back, white belly This is a sentence of the lesson «The penguin pool» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:099-the-penguin-pool.lesson:9 # text = Penguins are countershaded: from above the black back blends with the dark sea, and from below the white belly blends with the bright surface. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 099-the-penguin-pool.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Penguins penguin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 countershaded countershad VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 5 from from ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 6 above above ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:det 8 black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:amod 9 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 10 blends blend VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 11 with with ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 dark dark ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 17 from from ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 18 below below ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 white white ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 belly belly NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 22 blends blend VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:conj 23 with with ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 bright bright ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 surface surface NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **countershad** | present · passive | | Penguins | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **blend** | present | | the black back | | | | with the dark sea | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with sea=Co-Patient | | 3 | **blend** | present | | | | the white belly | | with the bright surface | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with surface=Co-Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:099-the-penguin-pool.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The penguin pool, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/8/) - next →: [The penguin pool, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/)