--- title: Old words: «trudging» = walking heavily; «necessaries» = things you… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 3: The… · tree and pragmatics description: Old words: «trudging» = walking heavily; «necessaries» = things you need; «turned in» = went to bed; «whence» = from where; «fleet and unforeseen» = fast and unexpected; «after-career» = the rest of his life. Who acts: Old words, you. A sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, pa --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/31-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop/36/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/31-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop/) / 36 # The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 3: The Open Road (life on the road, and a motor-car), sentence 36 Old words: «trudging» = walking heavily; «necessaries» = things you need; «turned in» = went to bed; «whence» = from where; «fleet and unforeseen» = fast and unexpected; «after-career» = the rest of his life. **Who acts:** Old words, you · **What happens:** trudge, walk, need, turn in, go · **To what, where:** things, whence, bed This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 3: The Open Road (life on the road, and a motor-car)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Old words, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:031-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop.lesson:36 # text = Old words: «trudging» = walking heavily; «necessaries» = things you need; «turned in» = went to bed; «whence» = from where; «fleet and unforeseen» = fast and unexpected; «after-career» = the rest of his life. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 031-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×4 1 Old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 3 : : PUNCT : _ 2 punct _ _ 4 « « PUNCT `` _ 5 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 5 trudging trudge VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 dep _ _ 6 » » PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=2:punct 7 = = PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 8 walking walk VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 acl _ _ 9 heavily heavily ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 10 ; ; PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 « « PUNCT `` _ 12 punct _ _ 12 necessaries necessary NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 appos _ _ 13 » » PUNCT '' _ 12 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=12:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 14 = = PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 16 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 17 need need VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 acl:relcl _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 « « PUNCT `` _ 20 punct _ _ 20 turned turn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 appos _ _ 21 in in ADP RP _ 20 compound:prt _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=20:compound:prt|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 22 » » PUNCT '' _ 20 punct _ _ 23 = = PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 24 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 25 to to ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 bed bed NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 28 « « PUNCT `` _ 29 punct _ _ 29 whence whence NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 30 » » PUNCT '' _ 29 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=29:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 31 = = PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 from from ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 24 obl _ _ 34 ; ; PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 35 « « PUNCT `` _ 36 punct _ _ 36 fleet fleet NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 appos _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 38 unforeseen unforeseen ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 conj _ _ 39 » » PUNCT '' _ 36 punct _ _ 40 = = PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 41 fast fast ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 parataxis _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ _ 43 unexpected unexpected ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 conj _ _ 44 ; ; PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 45 « « PUNCT `` _ 49 punct _ _ 46 after after ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 47 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 46 punct _ _ 48 career career NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 compound _ _ 49 » » PUNCT '' _ 33 punct _ _ 50 = = PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 51 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 52 rest rest NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 53 of of ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 54 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 55 nmod:poss _ _ 55 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 nmod _ _ 56 . . PUNCT . _ 24 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **trudge** *in a quote* | gerund | | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **walk** | gerund | Old words and things *not said here* | | | | | heavily *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **need** | present | you | things *not said here* | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot thing=Theme | | 4 | **turn in** *in a quote* | past | | | | | | | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **go** | past | Old words and things | whence | | bed | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to bed=Initial\_Location from where=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:031-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop.lesson:36`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×4. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…, 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/31-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop/34/) - next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…, 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/31-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop/37/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/31-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop/)