--- title: The frightened old horse rears and backs, and drags the cart into th… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The… · tree and pragmatics description: The frightened old horse rears and backs, and drags the cart into the deep ditch: crash! Who acts: frightened old horse. A sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)» of the books course of Mova's primary school wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/) / 0 # The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze), sentence 0 The frightened old horse rears and backs, and drags the cart into the deep ditch: crash! **Who acts:** frightened old horse · **What happens:** frighten, rear, drag · **To what, where:** cart, deep ditch This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (frightened old horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:032-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze.lesson:0 # text = The frightened old horse rears and backs, and drags the cart into the deep ditch: crash! # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 032-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 2 frightened frighten VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 amod _ _ 3 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 rears rear VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 backs back NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBZ:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 drags drag VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 cart cart NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 13 into into ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 deep deep ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 ditch ditch NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 17 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 18 crash crash NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 conj _ _ 19 ! ! PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: exclamation - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=narrate, polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **frighten** | participle | | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **rear** | present | the frightened old horse | | | | | | vn rear-26.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **drag** | present | the frightened old horse *not said here* | the cart | | the deep ditch and crash | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cart=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:032-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…, 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/31-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop/37/) - next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/)