--- title: Long ago, he explains, there was a city of people here — rich, power… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 4: Mr.… · tree and pragmatics description: Long ago, he explains, there was a city of people here — rich, powerful builders who thought their city would last for ever. Who acts: Badger, city, rich powerful builders. A sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 4: Mr. Badger (the city under the Wild Wood, and the way ho --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/40-willows-ch4-part4-the-city-under-the-wood/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, p…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/40-willows-ch4-part4-the-city-under-the-wood/) / 4 # The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 4: Mr. Badger (the city under the Wild Wood, and the way home), sentence 4 Long ago, he explains, there was a city of people here — rich, powerful builders who thought their city would last for ever. **Who acts:** Badger, city, rich powerful builders · **What happens:** explain, be, think, last · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 4: Mr. Badger (the city under the Wild Wood, and the way home)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Badger, city, rich powerful builders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:040-willows-ch4-part4-the-city-under-the-wood.lesson:4 # text = Long ago, he explains, there was a city of people here — rich, powerful builders who thought their city would last for ever. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 040-willows-ch4-part4-the-city-under-the-wood.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 2 advmod _ _ 2 ago ago ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 4 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 5 explains explain VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 8 expl _ _ 8 was be VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 ccomp _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod _ _ 13 here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 12 advmod _ _ 14 — - PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 15 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 17 powerful powerful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 builders builder NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 appos _ _ 19 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 20 nsubj _ _ 20 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 acl:relcl _ _ 21 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 23 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 24 last last VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 ccomp _ _ 25 for for ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 24 obl _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | present | Badger | | | | | ago *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **be** | past | a city of people | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **think** *speech: other* | past | rich powerful builders | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 4 | **last** | would | builders's city | | | | | | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:040-willows-ch4-part4-the-city-under-the-wood.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, p…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/40-willows-ch4-part4-the-city-under-the-wood/3/) - next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, p…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/40-willows-ch4-part4-the-city-under-the-wood/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/40-willows-ch4-part4-the-city-under-the-wood/)