--- title: The last verse asks: «Who were the first to cry Nowell? / Animals al… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, part 4: Dulc… · tree and pragmatics description: The last verse asks: «Who were the first to cry Nowell? / Animals all, as it befell» (Nowell = Noel, a Christmas shout of joy; befell = happened). Who acts: last verse, verse. A sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, part 4: Dulce Domum (the carol, a magic supper, and a home to --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/44-willows-ch5-part4-the-carol-and-a-happy-homecoming/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, pa…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/44-willows-ch5-part4-the-carol-and-a-happy-homecoming/) / 16 # The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, part 4: Dulce Domum (the carol, a magic supper, and a home to come back to), sentence 16 The last verse asks: «Who were the first to cry Nowell? / Animals all, as it befell» (Nowell = Noel, a Christmas shout of joy; befell = happened). **Who acts:** last verse, verse · **What happens:** ask, be, cry, befall, happen, shout · **To what, where:** Nowell, joy · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, part 4: Dulce Domum (the carol, a magic supper, and a home to come back to)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (last verse, verse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:044-willows-ch5-part4-the-carol-and-a-happy-homecoming.lesson:16 # text = The last verse asks: «Who were the first to cry Nowell? / Animals all, as it befell» (Nowell = Noel, a Christmas shout of joy; befell = happened). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 044-willows-ch5-part4-the-carol-and-a-happy-homecoming.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 verse verse NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 asks ask VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 6 « « PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 7 Who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 10 nsubj _ _ 8 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 4 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:parataxis 11 to to PART TO _ 12 mark _ _ 12 cry cry VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 acl _ _ 13 Nowell Nowell PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 14 ? ? PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ 15 / / PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=10:punct 16 Animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 parataxis _ _ 17 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 16 det _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 as as SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 21 befell befall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 advcl _ _ 22 » » PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ 23 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 24 punct _ _ 24 Nowell Nowell PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 25 = = PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 26 Noel Noel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 nmod:unmarked _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 29 Christmas Christmas PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 compound _ _ 30 shout shout NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 appos _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 joy joy NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 33 ; ; PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 34 befell befall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 35 = = SYM SYM _ 36 punct _ _ 36 happened happen VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 34 ccomp _ _ 37 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 36 punct _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | present | the last verse | | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **is** *in a quote* | past | | | | | | first *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **cry** *speech: express* *in a quote* | to-infinitive | | Nowell | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nowell=Topic | | 4 | **befall** *in a quote* | past | verse | Nowell Noel | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **befall** | past | the last verse *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **happen** | past | the last verse *not said here* | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **shout** | | | joy | | | | | nom shout «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:044-willows-ch5-part4-the-carol-and-a-happy-homecoming.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, pa…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/44-willows-ch5-part4-the-carol-and-a-happy-homecoming/15/) - next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, pa…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/44-willows-ch5-part4-the-carol-and-a-happy-homecoming/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/44-willows-ch5-part4-the-carol-and-a-happy-homecoming/)