---
title: Toad is dragged off in chains, shrieking, across the market-place wh… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr.… · tree and pragmatics
description: Toad is dragged off in chains, shrieking, across the market-place where people throw carrots and jeer, over a drawbridge into a grim old castle, up winding stairs, past soldiers and guard-dogs, to the deepest dungeon of all. Who acts: people. A sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapte
---

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# The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr. Toad (the car in the inn-yard, twenty years, and the deepest dungeon), sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toad is dragged off in chains, shrieking, across the market-place where people throw carrots and jeer, over a drawbridge into a grim old castle, up winding stairs, past soldiers and guard-dogs, to the deepest dungeon of all.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people · **What happens:** drag off, shriek, throw, wind · **To what, where:** Toad, chains, market place, carrots, drawbridge

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr. Toad (the car in the inn-yard, twenty years, and the deepest dungeon)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:books:048-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon.lesson:12
# text = Toad is dragged off in chains, shrieking, across the market-place where people throw carrots and jeer, over a drawbridge into a grim old castle, up winding stairs, past soldiers and guard-dogs, to the deepest dungeon of all.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = books
# lesson = 048-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	dragged	drag	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	chains	chain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	shrieking	shriek	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	across	across	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	market	market	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	_
14	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
15	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	17	advmod	_	_
16	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	throw	throw	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
18	carrots	carrot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	jeer	jeer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	over	over	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	drawbridge	drawbridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
25	into	into	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
27	grim	grim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
28	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	up	up	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	winding	wind	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	33	amod	_	_
33	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	conj	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
35	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	parataxis	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
38	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	compound	_	_
39	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	38	punct	_	_
40	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	conj	_	_
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
42	to	to	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
44	deepest	deep	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	45	amod	_	_
45	dungeon	dungeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
46	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	45	nmod	_	_
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drag off** | present · passive |  | Toad |  | chains |  | to the deepest dungeon of all | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to dungeon=Destination |
| 2 | **shriek** | gerund |  |  |  | the market place |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **throw** | present | people | carrots and jeer |  | a drawbridge |  | into a grim old castle and winding stairs *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer carrot=Theme into castle=Result |
| 4 | **wind** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:048-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, p…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon/11/)
- next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, p…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon/13/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon/)