--- title: At first Toad «had taken by-paths, and crossed many fields, and chan… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr.… · tree and pragmatics description: At first Toad «had taken by-paths, and crossed many fields, and changed his course several times, in case of pursuit» (pursuit = being chased). Who acts: first Toad. A sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr. Toad (the car in the inn-yard, twenty years, and the deepes --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, p…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon/) / 14 # The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr. Toad (the car in the inn-yard, twenty years, and the deepest dungeon), sentence 14 At first Toad «had taken by-paths, and crossed many fields, and changed his course several times, in case of pursuit» (pursuit = being chased). **Who acts:** first Toad · **What happens:** take, cross, change, chase · **To what, where:** paths, many fields, course, case · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr. Toad (the car in the inn-yard, twenty years, and the deepest dungeon)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first Toad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:048-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon.lesson:14 # text = At first Toad «had taken by-paths, and crossed many fields, and changed his course several times, in case of pursuit» (pursuit = being chased). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 048-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 At at ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 3 amod _ _ 3 Toad Toad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=6:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 4 « « PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=3:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 5 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 6 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 7 by by ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 7 punct _ _ 9 paths path NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:obl 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 crossed cross VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 6 conj _ _ 13 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 fields field NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 changed change VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 18 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 course course NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl:unmarked _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 case case NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 pursuit pursuit NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 27 » » PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ _ 28 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 29 punct _ _ 29 pursuit pursuit NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 30 = = PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 31 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 32 aux:pass _ _ 32 chased chase VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 parataxis _ _ 33 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 32 punct _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **take** *in a quote* | past · perfect | first Toad | paths | | | | pursuit *obl* | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent path=Theme clause=Attribute | | 2 | **cross** *in a quote* | participle | first Toad *not said here* | many fields | | | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent field=Patient | | 3 | **change** *in a quote* | past | first Toad *not said here* | Toad's course | | case of pursuit | time | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Patient | | 4 | **chase** | gerund · passive | | | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme» | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:048-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, p…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon/13/) - next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, p…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon/)