---
title: They cry: «Here's old Ratty! — The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 1: Way… · tree and pragmatics
description: They cry: «Here's old Ratty! Who acts: Piles. A sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 1: Wayfarers All (change in the air)» of the books course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 1: Wayfarers All (change in the air), sentence 16

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They cry: «Here's old Ratty!

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**Who acts:** Piles · **What happens:** cry, be · **To what, where:** old Ratty · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 1: Wayfarers All (change in the air)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Piles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:books:056-willows-ch9-part1-change-in-the-air.lesson:16
# text = They cry: «Here's old Ratty!
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = books
# lesson = 056-willows-ch9-part1-change-in-the-air.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cry	cry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	_
5	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
6	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	Ratty	Ratty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	_
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: exclamation
- act: greet
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed polarity=pos, act=greet

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | present | Piles *= pile* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present |  | old Ratty |  | here |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:056-willows-ch9-part1-change-in-the-air.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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