--- title: It is the end of summer: «green had given way to gold» in the fields… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 1: Way… · tree and pragmatics description: It is the end of summer: «green had given way to gold» in the fields, and «rowans were reddening» (a rowan is a tree with bright red berries). Who acts: name, green, rowans, rowan. A sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 1: Wayfarers All (change in the air)» of the books --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/56-willows-ch9-part1-change-in-the-air/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, p…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/56-willows-ch9-part1-change-in-the-air/) / 6 # The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 1: Wayfarers All (change in the air), sentence 6 It is the end of summer: «green had given way to gold» in the fields, and «rowans were reddening» (a rowan is a tree with bright red berries). **Who acts:** name, green, rowans, rowan · **What happens:** be, give, redden · **To what, where:** end, way, gold, fields, tree · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 1: Wayfarers All (change in the air)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (name, green, rowans, rowan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:056-willows-ch9-part1-change-in-the-air.lesson:6 # text = It is the end of summer: «green had given way to gold» in the fields, and «rowans were reddening» (a rowan is a tree with bright red berries). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 056-willows-ch9-part1-change-in-the-air.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 8 « « PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ _ 9 green green NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 10 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 11 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:acl 12 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 13 to to ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 gold gold NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 15 » » PUNCT '' _ 11 punct _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 fields field NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 21 « « PUNCT `` _ 24 punct _ _ 22 rowans rowan NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 23 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 24 reddening redden VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 11 conj _ _ 25 » » PUNCT '' _ 24 punct _ _ 26 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 31 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=28:punct 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 rowan rowan NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ _ 29 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 cop _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ _ 32 with with ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 33 bright bright ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 34 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 35 berries berry NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nmod _ _ 36 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 31 punct _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | name | the end | | | summer | | tree rules | | 2 | **give** *in a quote* | past · perfect | green | way | gold | the fields | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent way=Theme to gold=Recipient | | 3 | **redden** *in a quote* | past · progressive | rowans | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **is a** | present | a rowan | a tree | | | | with bright red berries | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:056-willows-ch9-part1-change-in-the-air.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, p…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/56-willows-ch9-part1-change-in-the-air/5/) - next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, p…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/56-willows-ch9-part1-change-in-the-air/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/56-willows-ch9-part1-change-in-the-air/)