--- title: He makes up a song in praise of himself and sings it at the top of h… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 3: The… · tree and pragmatics description: He makes up a song in praise of himself and sings it at the top of his voice, though nobody is there to hear. Who acts: Toad, nobody. A sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 3: The Further Adventures of Toad (the most conceited song and the very same motor-car)» of the boo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/63-willows-ch10-part3-the-conceited-song/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, pa…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/63-willows-ch10-part3-the-conceited-song/) / 1 # The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 3: The Further Adventures of Toad (the most conceited song and the very same motor-car), sentence 1 He makes up a song in praise of himself and sings it at the top of his voice, though nobody is there to hear. **Who acts:** Toad, nobody · **What happens:** make up, sing, be, hear, praise · **To what, where:** song, praise, top, Toad This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 3: The Further Adventures of Toad (the most conceited song and the very same motor-car)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Toad, nobody), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:063-willows-ch10-part3-the-conceited-song.lesson:1 # text = He makes up a song in praise of himself and sings it at the top of his voice, though nobody is there to hear. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 063-willows-ch10-part3-the-conceited-song.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 up up ADP RP _ 2 compound:prt _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 song song NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 praise praise NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 himself himself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 7 nmod _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 sings sing VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 12 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ _ 13 at at ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 top top NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 though though SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 21 nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 22 nsubj _ _ 22 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 advcl _ _ 23 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 22 expl _ _ 24 to to PART TO _ 25 mark _ _ 25 hear hear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 advcl _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make up** | present | Toad | a song | | praise of Toad | | | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme song=Pivot | | 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | present | Toad *not said here* | song | | the top of Toad's voice | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme | | 3 | **be** | present | nobody | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **hear** | to-infinitive | nobody *not said here* | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | | 5 | **praise** | | | Toad | | | | | nom praise «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:063-willows-ch10-part3-the-conceited-song.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, pa…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/63-willows-ch10-part3-the-conceited-song/0/) - next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, pa…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/63-willows-ch10-part3-the-conceited-song/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/63-willows-ch10-part3-the-conceited-song/)