--- title: Talk in this lesson: «gassing» (old British slang, used by Toad hims… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The… · tree and pragmatics description: Talk in this lesson: «gassing» (old British slang, used by Toad himself) = chattering, boasting; «delulu» = living in a dream; «I'm dead» = that's so funny; «fixin' to» (US South) = about to; «gadgie» (North East England) = a man, a bloke. Who acts: you, gassing », I, that. A sentence of the lesson --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/64-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond/40/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, pa…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/64-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond/) / 40 # The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Adventures of Toad (the horse-pond, the chase and a face in the bank), sentence 40 Talk in this lesson: «gassing» (old British slang, used by Toad himself) = chattering, boasting; «delulu» = living in a dream; «I'm dead» = that's so funny; «fixin' to» (US South) = about to; «gadgie» (North East England) = a man, a bloke. **Who acts:** you, gassing », I, that, », gadgie » · **What happens:** talk, gas, use, chatter, boast, live · **To what, where:** lesson, old British slang, dream, dead », fixin, man · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Adventures of Toad (the horse-pond, the chase and a face in the bank)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, gassing », I, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:064-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond.lesson:40 # text = Talk in this lesson: «gassing» (old British slang, used by Toad himself) = chattering, boasting; «delulu» = living in a dream; «I'm dead» = that's so funny; «fixin' to» (US South) = about to; «gadgie» (North East England) = a man, a bloke. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 064-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Talk talk VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 det _ _ 4 lesson lesson NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obl _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 6 « « PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=7:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 7 gassing gas VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 8 amod _ _ 8 » » NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ 9 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 12 punct _ _ 10 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 11 British British ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 slang slang NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 appos _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 acl _ _ 15 by by ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 Toad Toad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=14:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 17 himself himself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 16 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:obj 18 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 12 punct _ _ 19 = = PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 chattering chatter VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 8 acl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 boasting boast VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 20 conj _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 « « PUNCT `` _ 25 punct _ _ 25 delulu delulu X FW Foreign=Yes 1 parataxis _ _ 26 » » PUNCT '' _ 25 punct _ _ 27 = = PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 living live VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 1 advcl _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 dream dream NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 33 « « PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 reparandum _ _ 34 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 37 nsubj _ _ 35 'm be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 36 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 » » NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obl _ _ 38 = = PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 39 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 42 nsubj _ _ 40 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 cop _ _ 41 so so ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 42 funny funny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 parataxis _ _ 43 ; ; PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 44 « « PUNCT `` _ 45 punct _ _ 45 fixin fixin NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 obl _ _ 46 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 45 punct _ _ 47 to to ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 48 » » PROPN NNP Number=Sing 53 nsubj _ _ 49 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 51 punct _ _ 50 US US PROPN NNP Number=Sing 51 compound _ _ 51 South South PROPN NNP Number=Sing 48 appos _ _ 52 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 51 punct _ _ 53 = = VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 42 advcl _ _ 54 about about ADP IN _ 53 obl _ _ 55 to to ADP IN _ 54 fixed _ _ 56 ; ; PUNCT , _ 65 punct _ _ 57 « « PUNCT `` _ 58 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=59:punct 58 gadgie gadgie NOUN NN Number=Sing 59 compound _ _ 59 » » NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 nsubj _ _ 60 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 62 punct _ _ 61 North North PROPN NNP Number=Sing 62 amod _ _ 62 East East PROPN NNP Number=Sing 59 appos _ _ 63 England England PROPN NNP Number=Sing 62 flat _ _ 64 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 63 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=62:punct 65 = = VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 53 conj _ _ 66 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 67 det _ _ 67 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 obj _ _ 68 , , PUNCT , _ 70 punct _ _ 69 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 70 det _ _ 70 bloke bloke NOUN NN Number=Sing 67 appos _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=67:conj 71 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **talk** | imperative | you *not said here* | | | this lesson and gassing » | | | tree rules | | 2 | **gas** *in a quote* | gerund | | | | | | | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **use** | participle | | old British slang *not said here* | | | | by Toad song | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **chatter** | gerund | gassing » *not said here* | | | | | | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **boast** *speech: other* | gerund | gassing » *not said here* | | | | | | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **live** | gerund | you *not said here* | | | a dream | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in dream=Location | | 7 | **is a** | present | I | dead » | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **is** | present | that | | | | | funny *property* | tree rules | | 9 | **=** | past | » | fixin | | | | | tree rules | | 10 | **=** | past | gadgie » | a man | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:064-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond.lesson:40`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, pa…, 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/64-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond/38/) - next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter XI, p…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/65-willows-ch11-part1-why-steal-them/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/64-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond/)