--- title: The passage was «cold, and dark, and damp, and low, and narrow»; Toa… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 1: Th… · tree and pragmatics description: The passage was «cold, and dark, and damp, and low, and narrow»; Toad began to shiver, «partly from dread of what might be before him, partly because he was wet through», lagged behind in the dark, then rushed forward so hard «that he upset the Rat into the Mole and the Mole into the Badger». Who ac --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/70-willows-ch12-part1-the-secret-passage-at-night/26/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/70-willows-ch12-part1-the-secret-passage-at-night/) / 26 # The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 1: The Return of Ulysses (dressing for battle, the dark passage and «Good Toad, modest Toad»), sentence 26 The passage was «cold, and dark, and damp, and low, and narrow»; Toad began to shiver, «partly from dread of what might be before him, partly because he was wet through», lagged behind in the dark, then rushed forward so hard «that he upset the Rat into the Mole and the Mole into the Badger». **Who acts:** passage, Toad · **What happens:** be, begin, shiver, lag behind, rush, upset · **To what, where:** dark, Rat, Mole This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 1: The Return of Ulysses (dressing for battle, the dark passage and «Good Toad, modest Toad»)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (passage, Toad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:070-willows-ch12-part1-the-secret-passage-at-night.lesson:26 # text = The passage was «cold, and dark, and damp, and low, and narrow»; Toad began to shiver, «partly from dread of what might be before him, partly because he was wet through», lagged behind in the dark, then rushed forward so hard «that he upset the Rat into the Mole and the Mole into the Badger». # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 070-willows-ch12-part1-the-secret-passage-at-night.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×5, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 passage passage NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 « « PUNCT `` _ 5 punct _ _ 5 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 dark dark ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 conj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 damp damp ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 conj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 low low ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=21:punct 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 17 narrow narrow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 conj _ _ 18 » » PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 21 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=5:punct 20 Toad Toad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=21:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 21 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 22 to to PART TO _ 23 mark _ _ 23 shiver shiver VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 xcomp _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 « « PUNCT `` _ 28 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=5:punct 26 partly partly ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 27 from from ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 dread dread NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:obl 29 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 what what PRON WP PronType=Rel 28 nmod _ _ 31 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 32 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 34 cop _ _ 33 before before ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 acl:relcl _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 36 partly partly ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 37 because because SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 38 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 39 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 40 wet wet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 conj _ _ 41 through through ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 42 » » PUNCT '' _ 40 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=5:punct 43 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 44 lagged lag VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 45 behind behind ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=48:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 46 in in ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 dark dark NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=44:obl|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 49 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 50 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 51 advmod _ _ 51 rushed rush VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 44 conj _ _ 52 forward forward ADV RB _ 51 advmod _ _ 53 so so ADV RB _ 54 advmod _ _ 54 hard hard ADV RB Degree=Pos 51 advmod _ _ 55 « « PUNCT `` _ 58 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=5:punct 56 that that SCONJ IN _ 58 mark _ _ 57 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 58 nsubj _ _ 58 upset upset VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 51 advcl _ _ 59 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 60 det _ _ 60 Rat Rat PROPN NNP Number=Sing 58 obj _ _ 61 into into ADP IN _ 63 case _ _ 62 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 63 det _ _ 63 Mole mole NOUN NN Number=Sing 58 obl _ _ 64 and and CCONJ CC _ 66 cc _ _ 65 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 66 det _ _ 66 Mole mole NOUN NN Number=Sing 63 conj _ _ 67 into into ADP IN _ 69 case _ _ 68 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 69 det _ _ 69 Badger badger PROPN NNP Number=Sing 58 obl _ _ 70 » » PUNCT '' _ 58 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=5:punct 71 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** *in a quote* | past | the passage | | | | | cold *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **be** *in a quote* | | the passage *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **be** *in a quote* | | the passage *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **be** *in a quote* | | the passage *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **be** *in a quote* | | the passage *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **begin** | past | Toad | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 7 | **shiver** | to-infinitive | Toad *not said here* | | | | | from dread | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer from dread=Stimulus | | 8 | **is** *in a quote* | might | | | | | before Toad | | tree rules | | 9 | **is** *in a quote* | past | Toad | | | | | partly, through, wet *property* | tree rules | | 10 | **lag behind** | past | the passage *not said here* | | | the dark | | behind *property* | tree rules | | 11 | **rush** | past | the passage *not said here* | | | | then | forward, hard *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 12 | **upset** *in a quote* | past | Toad | the Rat | | the Mole and the Mole | | into the Badger | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus rat=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:070-willows-ch12-part1-the-secret-passage-at-night.lesson:26`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×5, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII,…, 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/70-willows-ch12-part1-the-secret-passage-at-night/23/) - next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII,…, 27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/70-willows-ch12-part1-the-secret-passage-at-night/27/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/70-willows-ch12-part1-the-secret-passage-at-night/)