--- title: But on the way the clever sailor has cut his raft into a criss-cross… — Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Wh… · tree and pragmatics description: But on the way the clever sailor has cut his raft into a criss-cross grating, tied it with his braces and jammed it in the Whale's throat; ever since, whales can only swallow very, very small food. Who acts: clever sailor, whales. A sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/74-justso-whale-throat/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1:…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/74-justso-whale-throat/) / 4 # Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got his Throat, sentence 4 But on the way the clever sailor has cut his raft into a criss-cross grating, tied it with his braces and jammed it in the Whale's throat; ever since, whales can only swallow very, very small food. **Who acts:** clever sailor, whales · **What happens:** cut, tie, jam, swallow · **To what, where:** raft, way, throat, small food This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got his Throat» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (clever sailor, whales), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:074-justso-whale-throat.lesson:4 # text = But on the way the clever sailor has cut his raft into a criss-cross grating, tied it with his braces and jammed it in the Whale's throat; ever since, whales can only swallow very, very small food. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 074-justso-whale-throat.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 But but CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 2 on on ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 clever clever ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 sailor sailor NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 8 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 cut cut VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 10 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 raft raft NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 into into ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 14 criss criss NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 15 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 14 punct _ _ 16 cross cross NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 17 grating grating NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 tied tie VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 parataxis _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ _ 21 with with ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ _ 23 braces brace NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obl _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 jammed jam VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 26 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 Whale whale NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod:poss _ _ 30 's 's PART POS _ 29 case _ _ 31 throat throat NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 33 punct _ _ 33 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 34 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:advmod 34 since since ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=39:mark|HaikuPos=SCONJ:IN:_ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 36 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 nsubj _ _ 37 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 38 only only ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ _ 39 swallow swallow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 advcl _ _ 40 very very ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 42 very very ADV RB _ 43 advmod _ _ 43 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 44 amod _ _ 44 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obj _ _ 45 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cut** | present · perfect | the clever sailor | sailor's raft | | the way | | into a cross grating | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent raft=Material into grating=Product | | 2 | **tie** | past | | way | | | | with sailor's braces | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient with brace=Co-Patient | | 3 | **jam** | past | | way | | the Whale's throat | | | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in throat=Destination | | 4 | **swallow** | can | whales | small food | | | | since *property* | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:074-justso-whale-throat.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1:…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/74-justso-whale-throat/3/) - next →: [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1:…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/74-justso-whale-throat/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/74-justso-whale-throat/)