--- title: Long ago the Leopard lived on the bare, hot, sandy High Veldt, and h… — Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Le… · tree and pragmatics description: Long ago the Leopard lived on the bare, hot, sandy High Veldt, and he was exactly the same sandy-yellow-brown as the ground, so he could lie by a stone and jump out on the Giraffe, the Zebra and the antelopes before they saw him. Who acts: Leopard, antelopes. A sentence of the lesson «Just So Storie --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/77-justso-leopard-spots-1/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4:…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/77-justso-leopard-spots-1/) / 0 # Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the forest), sentence 0 Long ago the Leopard lived on the bare, hot, sandy High Veldt, and he was exactly the same sandy-yellow-brown as the ground, so he could lie by a stone and jump out on the Giraffe, the Zebra and the antelopes before they saw him. **Who acts:** Leopard, antelopes · **What happens:** live, be, lie, jump out, see · **To what, where:** bare hot sandy High Veldt, Leopard This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the forest)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Leopard, antelopes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:077-justso-leopard-spots-1.lesson:0 # text = Long ago the Leopard lived on the bare, hot, sandy High Veldt, and he was exactly the same sandy-yellow-brown as the ground, so he could lie by a stone and jump out on the Giraffe, the Zebra and the antelopes before they saw him. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 077-justso-leopard-spots-1.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×5 1 Long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 2 advmod _ _ 2 ago ago ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 Leopard leopard PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 5 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 on on ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 8 bare bare ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 10 hot hot ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 12 sandy sandy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 13 High high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 Veldt veldt PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 15 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 17 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 18 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 cop _ _ 19 exactly exactly ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 21 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 22 sandy sandy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 23 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 22 punct _ _ 24 yellow yellow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 25 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 24 punct _ _ 26 brown brown ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 27 as as ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:obl 30 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 31 so so ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 32 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 33 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 34 lie lie VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 parataxis _ _ 35 by by ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 stone stone NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 39 jump jump VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 34 conj _ _ 40 out out ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ _ 41 on on ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 Giraffe giraffe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=39:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 44 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 45 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 46 Zebra Zebra PROPN NNP Number=Sing 43 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=43:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 antelopes antelope NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 conj _ _ 50 before before SCONJ IN _ 52 mark _ _ 51 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj _ _ 52 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 39 advcl _ _ 53 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 obj _ _ 54 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | past | the Leopard | | | the bare hot sandy High Veldt | | ago *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on veldt=Location | | 2 | **is** | past | Leopard | | | | | as the ground; brown, exactly *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **lie** | could | Leopard | | | | | by a stone | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by stone=Location | | 4 | **jump out** | infinitive | Leopard *not said here* | | | | | on the Giraffe and the Zebra and the antelopes; out *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on giraffe=Trajectory | | 5 | **see** | past | antelopes *= antelope* | Leopard | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:077-justso-leopard-spots-1.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×5. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 3:…, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/76-justso-rhinoceros-skin/20/) - next →: [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4:…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/77-justso-leopard-spots-1/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/77-justso-leopard-spots-1/)