--- title: He trod on "what he thought was a log of wood", but it was the Croco… — Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elepha… · tree and pragmatics description: He trod on "what he thought was a log of wood", but it was the Crocodile, who "winked one eye--like this!", then winked the other eye and lifted half his tail out of the mud, and "wept crocodile-tears to show it was quite true". Who acts: Child, wood, Crocodile. A sentence of the lesson «Just So Sto --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/79-justso-elephants-child-1/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5:…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/79-justso-elephants-child-1/) / 16 # Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 1 (What does the Crocodile have for dinner?), sentence 16 He trod on "what he thought was a log of wood", but it was the Crocodile, who "winked one eye--like this!", then winked the other eye and lifted half his tail out of the mud, and "wept crocodile-tears to show it was quite true". **Who acts:** Child, wood, Crocodile · **What happens:** tread, think, be, wink, lift, weep · **To what, where:** log, Crocodile, one eye, other eye, tail, mud · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 1 (What does the Crocodile have for dinner?)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Child, wood, Crocodile), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:079-justso-elephants-child-1.lesson:16 # text = He trod on "what he thought was a log of wood", but it was the Crocodile, who "winked one eye--like this!", then winked the other eye and lifted half his tail out of the mud, and "wept crocodile-tears to show it was quite true". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 079-justso-elephants-child-1.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 trod tread VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 on on ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 4 " " PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 5 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 10 nsubj _ _ 6 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 7 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 8 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 log log NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 wood wood NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 13 " " PUNCT '' _ 12 punct _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 15 but but CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 16 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 17 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 Crocodile crocodile NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:appos 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 23 nsubj _ _ 22 " " PUNCT `` _ 23 punct _ _ 23 winked wink VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 acl:relcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=19:conj 24 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 25 nummod _ _ 25 eye eye NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 -- -- PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 27 like like ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 23 obl _ _ 29 ! ! PUNCT . _ 23 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=19:punct 30 " " PUNCT '' _ 23 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=19:punct 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=2:punct 32 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 33 advmod _ _ 33 winked wink VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 35 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 eye eye NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 38 lifted lift VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 conj _ _ 39 half half DET PDT NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac|PronType=Ind 41 det:predet _ _ 40 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ _ 41 tail tail NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ _ 42 out out ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 43 of of ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 mud mud NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 48 " " PUNCT `` _ 49 punct _ _ 49 wept weep VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 conj _ _ 50 crocodile crocodile NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 compound _ _ 51 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 50 punct _ _ 52 tears tear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 49 obj _ _ 53 to to PART TO _ 54 mark _ _ 54 show show VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 49 advcl _ _ 55 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 58 nsubj _ _ 56 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 58 cop _ _ 57 quite quite ADV RB _ 58 advmod _ _ 58 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 54 ccomp _ _ 59 " " PUNCT '' _ 49 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=58:punct 60 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **tread** | past | Child | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **think** *speech: other* *in a quote* | past | Child | | | | | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is** *in a quote* | past | | | | a log | | of wood | tree rules | | 4 | **is a** | past | wood | the Crocodile | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **wink** *in a quote* | past | the Crocodile | one eye | | | | like this | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient | | 6 | **wink** | past | Child *not said here* | the other eye | | | then | | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient | | 7 | **lift** | past | Child *not said here* | Crocodile's tail | | the mud | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tail=Theme out mud=Destination | | 8 | **weep** *in a quote* | past | Child *not said here* | crocodile tears | | | | | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tear=Theme | | 9 | **show** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | Child *not said here* | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **is** *in a quote* | past | wood | | | | | true *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:079-justso-elephants-child-1.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5:…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/79-justso-elephants-child-1/15/) - next →: [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5:…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/79-justso-elephants-child-1/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/79-justso-elephants-child-1/)