--- title: "Crocodile tears" means pretend sadness; real crocodiles do make tea… — Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elepha… · tree and pragmatics description: "Crocodile tears" means pretend sadness; real crocodiles do make tears, but only to keep their eyes wet, not because they feel sorry. Who acts: Crocodile tears, real crocodiles, tears. A sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 1 (What does the Crocodi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/79-justso-elephants-child-1/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5:…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/79-justso-elephants-child-1/) / 17 # Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 1 (What does the Crocodile have for dinner?), sentence 17 "Crocodile tears" means pretend sadness; real crocodiles do make tears, but only to keep their eyes wet, not because they feel sorry. **Who acts:** Crocodile tears, real crocodiles, tears · **What happens:** mean, make, keep, not feel · **To what, where:** pretend sadness, tears, eyes This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 1 (What does the Crocodile have for dinner?)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Crocodile tears, real crocodiles, tears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:079-justso-elephants-child-1.lesson:17 # text = "Crocodile tears" means pretend sadness; real crocodiles do make tears, but only to keep their eyes wet, not because they feel sorry. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 079-justso-elephants-child-1.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ _ 2 Crocodile crocodile NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 tears tear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 4 " " PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ 5 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 pretend pretend ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 sadness sadness NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 ; ; PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 9 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 crocodiles crocodile NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 11 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 12 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 parataxis _ _ 13 tears tear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 15 but but CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 16 only only ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ _ 19 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 20 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 21 wet wet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 xcomp _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 26 advmod _ _ 24 because because SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ _ 25 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 26 feel feel VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:conj 27 sorry sorry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 xcomp _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | Crocodile tears | pretend sadness | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sadness=Topic | | 2 | **make** | present · do-support | real crocodiles | tears | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tear=Product | | 3 | **keep** | to-infinitive | Crocodile tears *not said here* | tears's eyes | | | | wet *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Theme | | 4 | **not** **feel** | present | tears *= tear* | | | | | sorry *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:079-justso-elephants-child-1.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5:…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/79-justso-elephants-child-1/16/) - next →: [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5:…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/79-justso-elephants-child-1/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/79-justso-elephants-child-1/)