--- title: The Phoenicians, sea-traders of the eastern Mediterranean, spread a… — Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part… · tree and pragmatics description: The Phoenicians, sea-traders of the eastern Mediterranean, spread a 22-letter alphabet about 3,000 years ago; it had no letters for vowel sounds. Who acts: Phoenicians, Alphabet. A sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 3: «the Alphabet, all complete», and how lette --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete/22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/) / [Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete/) / 22 # Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 3: «the Alphabet, all complete», and how letters really began, sentence 22 The Phoenicians, sea-traders of the eastern Mediterranean, spread a 22-letter alphabet about 3,000 years ago; it had no letters for vowel sounds. **Who acts:** Phoenicians, Alphabet · **What happens:** spread, have · **To what, where:** letter alphabet, letters This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 3: «the Alphabet, all complete», and how letters really began» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Phoenicians, Alphabet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:books:089-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete.lesson:22 # text = The Phoenicians, sea-traders of the eastern Mediterranean, spread a 22-letter alphabet about 3,000 years ago; it had no letters for vowel sounds. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = books # lesson = 089-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Phoenicians Phoenician PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 4 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 5 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 4 punct _ _ 6 traders trader NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 appos _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 eastern eastern ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 Mediterranean Mediterranean PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 12 spread spread VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 14 22 22 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 16 nummod _ _ 15 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 14 punct _ _ 16 letter letter NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 17 alphabet alphabet NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 18 about about ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=19:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 19 3,000 3000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 20 nummod _ _ 20 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obl:unmarked _ _ 21 ago ago ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 23 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 parataxis _ _ 25 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 26 det _ _ 26 letters letter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 27 for for ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 vowel vowel NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 compound _ _ 29 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:obl 30 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **spread** | past | the Phoenicians | a letter alphabet | | | | ago *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location alphabet=Theme | | 2 | **have** | past | Alphabet | no letters | | | | for vowel sounds | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:books:089-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete.lesson:22`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was…, 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete/21/) - next →: [Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was…, 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete/23/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete/)