--- title: Rubbing a balloon on a jumper moves electrons onto the balloon, so i… — What is everything made of? · tree and pragmatics description: Rubbing a balloon on a jumper moves electrons onto the balloon, so it becomes charged and can cling to a wall; on a damp day the water in the air lets the charge leak away, so the trick works badly. Who acts: Rubbing, water, charge, trick. A sentence of the lesson «What is everything made of?» of th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/1-what-is-everything-made-of/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Chemistry](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/) / [What is everything made of?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/1-what-is-everything-made-of/) / 16 # What is everything made of?, sentence 16 Rubbing a balloon on a jumper moves electrons onto the balloon, so it becomes charged and can cling to a wall; on a damp day the water in the air lets the charge leak away, so the trick works badly. **Who acts:** Rubbing, water, charge, trick · **What happens:** rub, move, charge, cling, let, leak away · **To what, where:** balloon, jumper, electrons, charge This is a sentence of the lesson «What is everything made of?» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rubbing, water, charge, trick), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:chemistry:001-what-is-everything-made-of.lesson:16 # text = Rubbing a balloon on a jumper moves electrons onto the balloon, so it becomes charged and can cling to a wall; on a damp day the water in the air lets the charge leak away, so the trick works badly. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = chemistry # lesson = 001-what-is-everything-made-of.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Rubbing rub VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 csubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:nsubj 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 balloon balloon NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 4 on on ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 jumper jumper NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:nmod 7 moves move VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 advcl _ _ 8 electrons electron NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obj _ _ 9 onto onto ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 balloon balloon NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:nmod 12 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 13 so so ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 14 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj:pass _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:nsubj:pass 15 becomes become VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux:pass _ _ 16 charged charge VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 18 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 19 cling cling VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 conj _ _ 20 to to ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 wall wall NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 24 on on ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 damp damp ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 33 lets let VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 parataxis _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 charge charge NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 36 leak leak VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 xcomp _ _ 37 away away ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 39 so so ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 trick trick NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nsubj _ _ 42 works work VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 parataxis _ _ 43 badly badly ADV RB Degree=Pos 42 advmod _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=16:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **rub** | gerund | | a balloon | | a jumper | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent balloon=Theme on jumper=Destination | | 2 | **move** | present | Rubbing | electrons | | the balloon | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent electron=Theme onto balloon=Trajectory | | 3 | **charge** | present · passive | | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V» | | 4 | **cling** | can | | | | | | to a wall | vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to wall=Co-Theme | | 5 | **let** | present | the water in the air | the charge | | | day | | tree rules | | 6 | **leak away** | infinitive | the charge *not said here* | | | | | away *property* | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source | | 7 | **work** | present | the trick | | | | | badly *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:001-what-is-everything-made-of.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [What is everything made of?, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/1-what-is-everything-made-of/15/) - next →: [What is everything made of?, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/1-what-is-everything-made-of/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/1-what-is-everything-made-of/)