---
title: Microwaves make water molecules wiggle very fast, which heats the fo… — Cooking is chemistry · tree and pragmatics
description: Microwaves make water molecules wiggle very fast, which heats the food, often unevenly, so stirring halfway mixes hot and cooler parts; metal and foil must never go in a microwave because they can spark. Who acts: Microwaves, water molecules, metal, molecules. A sentence of the lesson «Cooking is ch
---

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# Cooking is chemistry, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Microwaves make water molecules wiggle very fast, which heats the food, often unevenly, so stirring halfway mixes hot and cooler parts; metal and foil must never go in a microwave because they can spark.

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**Who acts:** Microwaves, water molecules, metal, molecules · **What happens:** make, wiggle, heat, stir, mix, not go · **To what, where:** food, hot parts, microwave

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Cooking is chemistry» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Microwaves, water molecules, metal, molecules), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:chemistry:010-cooking-is-chemistry.lesson:15
# text = Microwaves make water molecules wiggle very fast, which heats the food, often unevenly, so stirring halfway mixes hot and cooler parts; metal and foil must never go in a microwave because they can spark.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = chemistry
# lesson = 010-cooking-is-chemistry.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1
1	Microwaves	microwave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	molecules	molecule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	wiggle	wiggle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	heats	heat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	often	often	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	unevenly	unevenly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	so	so	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
18	stirring	stir	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	nsubj	_	_
19	halfway	halfway	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	mixes	mix	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
21	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:amod
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=21:cc
23	cooler	cool	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	21	conj	_	_
24	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
26	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	foil	foil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
29	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
30	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	31	advmod	_	_
31	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	microwave	microwave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
35	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
36	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
37	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
38	spark	spark	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	advcl	_	_
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Microwaves |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **wiggle** | infinitive | water molecules |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn body\_internal\_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **heat** | present |  | the food |  |  |  | unevenly *property* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent food=Patient |
| 4 | **stir** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **mix** | present |  | hot parts |  |  |  | halfway *property* | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Patient |
| 6 | **not** **go** | must | metal and foil |  |  | a microwave |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in microwave=Location |
| 7 | **spark** | can | molecules *= molecule* |  |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:010-cooking-is-chemistry.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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