---
title: Wood gives off gases that burn with flames; charcoal has already had… — The candle and what burning is · tree and pragmatics
description: Wood gives off gases that burn with flames; charcoal has already had its gases driven off, so it glows instead. Who acts: Wood, gases, charcoal. A sentence of the lesson «The candle and what burning is» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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# The candle and what burning is, sentence 15

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Wood gives off gases that burn with flames; charcoal has already had its gases driven off, so it glows instead.

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**Who acts:** Wood, gases, charcoal · **What happens:** give off, burn, have, drive off, glow · **To what, where:** gases

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The candle and what burning is» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wood, gases, charcoal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:chemistry:011-the-candle-and-burning.lesson:15
# text = Wood gives off gases that burn with flames; charcoal has already had its gases driven off, so it glows instead.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = chemistry
# lesson = 011-the-candle-and-burning.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	gases	gas	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	burn	burn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	flames	flame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	charcoal	charcoal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	already	already	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	had	have	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj
14	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	gases	gas	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	xcomp	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:acl
17	off	off	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	so	so	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	glows	glow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	parataxis	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:parataxis
22	instead	instead	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give off** | present | Wood | gases |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source gas=Theme |
| 2 | **burn** | present | gases |  |  |  |  | with flames | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with flame=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | present · perfect | charcoal | charcoal's gases |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **drive off** | participle | charcoal's gases *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **glow** | present | Wood |  |  |  |  | instead *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:011-the-candle-and-burning.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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