---
title: A grown-up can show the parts of a flame, but flames are never a toy. — The candle and what burning is · tree and pragmatics
description: A grown-up can show the parts of a flame, but flames are never a toy. Who acts: grown, flames. A sentence of the lesson «The candle and what burning is» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The candle and what burning is, sentence 4

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A grown-up can show the parts of a flame, but flames are never a toy.

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**Who acts:** grown, flames · **What happens:** show, not be · **To what, where:** parts, toy

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The candle and what burning is» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grown, flames), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:chemistry:011-the-candle-and-burning.lesson:4
# text = A grown-up can show the parts of a flame, but flames are never a toy.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = chemistry
# lesson = 011-the-candle-and-burning.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:det
2	grown	grow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	nsubj	_	_
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	_
4	up	up	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:compound|HaikuPos=ADP:RP:_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	show	show	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	flame	flame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
14	flames	flame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
16	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	toy	toy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | can | grown | the parts of a flame |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent part=Recipient |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | present | flames | a toy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:011-the-candle-and-burning.lesson:4`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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