---
title: Smoke is tiny bits of unburnt fuel, ash and gases; wet fuel makes th… — Fire: what it needs and how to put it out · tree and pragmatics
description: Smoke is tiny bits of unburnt fuel, ash and gases; wet fuel makes thick smoke, and burning plastic makes especially poisonous smoke. Who acts: Smoke, wet fuel, burning plastic. A sentence of the lesson «Fire: what it needs and how to put it out» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school with 
---

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# Fire: what it needs and how to put it out, sentence 14

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Smoke is tiny bits of unburnt fuel, ash and gases; wet fuel makes thick smoke, and burning plastic makes especially poisonous smoke.

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**Who acts:** Smoke, wet fuel, burning plastic · **What happens:** be, make, burn · **To what, where:** tiny bits, thick smoke, poisonous smoke

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Fire: what it needs and how to put it out» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Smoke, wet fuel, burning plastic), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:chemistry:012-fire-what-it-needs.lesson:14
# text = Smoke is tiny bits of unburnt fuel, ash and gases; wet fuel makes thick smoke, and burning plastic makes especially poisonous smoke.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = chemistry
# lesson = 012-fire-what-it-needs.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2
1	Smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:compound
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	bits	bit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	unburnt	unburnt	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	ash	ash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:conj
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	gases	gas	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj
16	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	amod	_	_
21	plastic	plastic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
22	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
23	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:advmod
24	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Smoke | tiny bits |  |  |  | of unburnt fuel and ash and gases | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | wet fuel | thick smoke |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset smoke=Product |
| 3 | **burn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **make** | present | burning plastic | poisonous smoke |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset smoke=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:012-fire-what-it-needs.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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