---
title: Rust forms when iron or steel joins with oxygen and water; it is a n… — Rust: iron's slow fire · tree and pragmatics
description: Rust forms when iron or steel joins with oxygen and water; it is a new substance, so rusting is a chemical change. Who acts: Rust, iron. A sentence of the lesson «Rust: iron's slow fire» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/13-rust-irons-slow-fire/9/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Chemistry](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/) / [Rust: iron's slow fire](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/13-rust-irons-slow-fire/) / 9

# Rust: iron's slow fire, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rust forms when iron or steel joins with oxygen and water; it is a new substance, so rusting is a chemical change.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Rust, iron · **What happens:** form, join, be, rust · **To what, where:** new substance, chemical change

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Rust: iron's slow fire» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rust, iron), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:chemistry:013-rust-irons-slow-fire.lesson:9
# text = Rust forms when iron or steel joins with oxygen and water; it is a new substance, so rusting is a chemical change.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = chemistry
# lesson = 013-rust-irons-slow-fire.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Rust	rust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	forms	form	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
4	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	steel	steel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	joins	join	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
19	so	so	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
20	rusting	rust	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	chemical	chemical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:conj
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | present | Rust |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **join** | present | iron or steel |  |  |  |  | with oxygen and water | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient with oxygen=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | present | iron | a new substance |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **rust** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **is a** | present |  | a chemical change |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:013-rust-irons-slow-fire.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Rust: iron's slow fire, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/13-rust-irons-slow-fire/8/)
- next →: [Rust: iron's slow fire, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/13-rust-irons-slow-fire/10/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/13-rust-irons-slow-fire/)