--- title: Gold almost never reacts with air, so gold leaf on an old picture fr… — Tarnish and how metals change · tree and pragmatics description: Gold almost never reacts with air, so gold leaf on an old picture frame still shines after hundreds of years, while some metals, like sodium, react with air within seconds and have to be kept under oil. Who acts: Gold, gold leaf, metals. A sentence of the lesson «Tarnish and how metals change» of th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Chemistry](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/) / [Tarnish and how metals change](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change/) / 5 # Tarnish and how metals change, sentence 5 Gold almost never reacts with air, so gold leaf on an old picture frame still shines after hundreds of years, while some metals, like sodium, react with air within seconds and have to be kept under oil. **Who acts:** Gold, gold leaf, metals · **What happens:** not react, shine, react, have, keep · **To what, where:** oil This is a sentence of the lesson «Tarnish and how metals change» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gold, gold leaf, metals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:chemistry:014-tarnish-and-how-metals-change.lesson:5 # text = Gold almost never reacts with air, so gold leaf on an old picture frame still shines after hundreds of years, while some metals, like sodium, react with air within seconds and have to be kept under oil. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = chemistry # lesson = 014-tarnish-and-how-metals-change.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Gold gold NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 2 almost almost ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:advmod 3 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 4 advmod _ _ 4 reacts react VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 with with ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 so so ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:cc|HaikuPos=CCONJ:CC:_ 9 gold gold NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 leaf leaf NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 11 on on ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 12 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 13 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 14 picture picture NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 compound _ _ 15 frame frame NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 16 still still ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 17 shines shine VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 18 after after ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 hundreds hundred NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nmod _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 while while SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 24 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 25 det _ _ 25 metals metal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=28:punct 27 like like ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 sodium sodium NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 30 react react VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:advcl 31 with with ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 33 within within ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 seconds second NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obl _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 conj _ _ 37 to to PART TO _ 39 mark _ _ 38 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 39 aux:pass _ _ 39 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 36 xcomp _ _ 40 under under ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 oil oil NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **react** | present | Gold | | | | | with air | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.predicate»: agent=Agent with air=Eventuality | | 2 | **shine** | present | gold leaf on a old picture frame | | | | after hundreds of years; still | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **react** | present | some metals like sodium | | | | second | with air | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.predicate»: agent=Agent with air=Eventuality | | 4 | **have** | present | some metals like sodium *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **keep** | to-infinitive · passive | some metals like sodium *not said here* | | | oil | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: under oil=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:014-tarnish-and-how-metals-change.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Tarnish and how metals change, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change/4/) - next →: [Tarnish and how metals change, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/14-tarnish-and-how-metals-change/)