---
title: Water plants use light to make sugar and give off oxygen, so pondwee… — Gases all around: breath and balloons · tree and pragmatics
description: Water plants use light to make sugar and give off oxygen, so pondweed makes bubbles in sunlight and stops in the dark. Who acts: Water plants, pondweed. A sentence of the lesson «Gases all around: breath and balloons» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the 
---

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# Gases all around: breath and balloons, sentence 18

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Water plants use light to make sugar and give off oxygen, so pondweed makes bubbles in sunlight and stops in the dark.

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**Who acts:** Water plants, pondweed · **What happens:** use, make, give off, stop · **To what, where:** light, sugar, oxygen, bubbles, sunlight, dark

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Gases all around: breath and balloons» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Water plants, pondweed), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:chemistry:020-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons.lesson:18
# text = Water plants use light to make sugar and give off oxygen, so pondweed makes bubbles in sunlight and stops in the dark.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = chemistry
# lesson = 020-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
7	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
10	off	off	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	pondweed	pondweed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
16	bubbles	bubble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	dark	dark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Water plants | light |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | Water plants *not said here* | sugar |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sugar=Product |
| 3 | **give off** | infinitive | Water plants *not said here* | oxygen |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source oxygen=Theme |
| 4 | **make** | present | pondweed | bubbles |  | sunlight |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bubble=Product |
| 5 | **stop** | present | pondweed *not said here* |  |  | the dark |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in dark=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:020-gases-all-around-breath-and-balloons.lesson:18`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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